# Aluminium Guide

> About aluminium in simple words


## Posts

- [Aluminium compounds](https://aluminium-guide.com/aluminium-compounds/): What is a chemical compound? Aaluminium compound is a substance, which is formed of two or more chemical elements, one
- [Bicycle frame aluminium: 6061 and 7005 alloys](https://aluminium-guide.com/bicycle-frame-aluminium-6061-7005/): Find out why aluminium bicycle frames are a popular choice. Discover the benefits of 6061 and 7005 aluminium alloys for
- [Vacuum furnace brazing aluminium](https://aluminium-guide.com/vacuum-brazing-aluminum/): Explore the advantages of vacuum brazing aluminum: minimal warpage, uniform heating and cooling, and high repeatability for efficient soldering of
- [The bearings of an aluminium extrusion die](https://aluminium-guide.com/bearings-aluminium-extrusion-die/): Understand the importance of bearings in aluminium extrusion die. Discover how they contribute to shaping the final profile in the
- [Surface defects of extruded aluminium](https://aluminium-guide.com/surface-defects-extruded-aluminium/): Find out about the surface defects in extruded aluminium profiles and how to achieve superior surface quality through effective control
- [Aluminium extrusion die corrections](https://aluminium-guide.com/die-corrections/): The core tooling component in extrusion is the die. The billet is pressed through it to get the desired shape
- [Direct aluminium extrusion](https://aluminium-guide.com/direct-aluminum-extrusion/): Discover the key steps and tools involved in direct aluminium extrusion. Learn how this process creates profiles with precise cross-sections.
- [Unalloyed aluminium grades](https://aluminium-guide.com/unalloyed-aluminium/): Terms and definitions Unalloyed aluminium grades Unalloyed aluminum have aluminium content of not less than 99,00%, rest – impurities. Impurity
- [Resistance of aluminium to corrosion](https://aluminium-guide.com/resistance-aluminium-corrosion/): Discover how climatic conditions and air pollution can impact the resistance of aluminium to corrosion. Learn about the role of
- [Physics of aluminium remelting](https://aluminium-guide.com/physics-aluminium-remelting/): Learn about the physics of aluminium remelting and the principles behind working with an aluminium remelting furnace. Aluminium remelting furnaces
- [TIG welding of aluminium](https://aluminium-guide.com/tig-welding-aluminium/): Learn about the process of TIG welding of aluminium and its applications in joining metal components. Discover the different types
- [About weld repair of aluminium wheels](https://aluminium-guide.com/weld-repair-aluminium-wheels/): Understand the risks and limitations of welding repairs on aluminium wheels. Explore the impact of welding on critical areas and
- [Industrial pure aluminium](https://aluminium-guide.com/industrial-pure-aluminium/): Learn about the properties of industrial pure aluminum, commonly referred to as commercially pure aluminium. Understand the different degrees of
- [The factors of anodised aluminium streaking](https://aluminium-guide.com/anodised-aluminium-streaking/): Learn about the causes and solutions for anodised aluminium streaking defects in extrusions. Understand how the gloss of the anodized
- [1050A aluminium](https://aluminium-guide.com/1050a-aluminium-grade/): Learn about 1050A aluminium grade and its properties. Find out how this low mechanical strength alloy is processed and used
- [A classification of surface defects in aluminium profiles](https://aluminium-guide.com/classification-surface-defects-aluminium-profiles/): Get insights into a classification of surface defects in aluminium profiles. Learn about blisters, cracking, tearing, and other common issues.
- [Anode hangers](https://aluminium-guide.com/anode-hangers/): Anode hangers Anode hangers are devices for supplying anodized aluminum products of the electric current. To ensure reliable continuous supply
- [The making of aluminium cans](https://aluminium-guide.com/making-aluminium-cans/): How are aluminum cans made Figure 1 – Production process of aluminium sheet for bodies and lids of beverage cans
- [Vertical aluminium powder coating](https://aluminium-guide.com/vertical-aluminium-powder-coating/): Powder coated aluminium profiles Widely used in modern construction aluminium extruded profiles with powder polymer coatings. These aluminum profiles particularly high demands
- [Powder coating of aluminium products](https://aluminium-guide.com/powder-coating-aluminium/): Learn about the advantages of powder coating of aluminium. This eco-friendly process eliminates the need for organic solvents and ensures
- [Dummy block for aluminium extrusion](https://aluminium-guide.com/dummy-block-extrusion-aluminium/):  Dummy block Dummy block is the most critical piece of extrusion equipment used in the aluminum extrusion process (Figure 1).
- [Machinability of aluminium alloys](https://aluminium-guide.com/machinability-aluminium/): Machinability of aluminium Usually all aluminium alloys can be machined quite rapidly and economically. This applies at least to processes
- [Log/billet feed equipment of aluminium extrusion press](https://aluminium-guide.com/billet-feed-extrusion-press/):   Auxilary equipment of extrusion press In addition to the extrusion press itself, any line for extruding aluminum profiles includes
- [Methods of aluminium brazing](https://aluminium-guide.com/aluminium-brazing/): Discover the process of aluminium brazing and its applications. Learn about the difference between brazing and soldering and the importance
- [Extrusion dies heating ovens](https://aluminium-guide.com/extrusion-dies-heating-ovens/): Why preheat dies? Extrusion dies and support tooling must be preheated to a suitable temperature before being used in the
- [Aluminium car safety](https://aluminium-guide.com/aluminium-car-safety/): Explore the role of aluminium in car safety. Learn how its lightweight properties make cars safer by absorbing more energy
- [Design of extruded aluminium surface quality](https://aluminium-guide.com/design-extruded-aluminium-surface-quality/): Surface quality is an aspect of aluminium profile design that receives less attention than it deserves. This question often arises
- [Aluminium Extrusion Simulation Benchmark 2017](https://aluminium-guide.com/extrusion-simulation-behchmarks/): Explore the world of aluminium extrusion simulation benchmarking and its impact on the aluminium industry. From 20 by 24 June
- [Aluminium production](https://aluminium-guide.com/aluminium-production/): Explore the history and process of aluminium production, from bauxite to metallic aluminium. Learn about the revolutionary breakthroughs that led
- [Training aluminium extrusion staff](https://aluminium-guide.com/training-staff-extrusion-aluminium/): Trained staff make the difference The full potential of a modern aluminum extrusion line can only be achieved if, when
- [Aluminium extrusion work instructions](https://aluminium-guide.com/work-instruction-aluminium-extrusion/): An important part of the ISO quality management system 9001, are Work Instructions. Learn about the importance of work instructions
- [Segregational streaking on anodised aluminium](https://aluminium-guide.com/segregational-streaking-anodised-aluminium/): Discover the different types of streaking defects in anodised extrusion profiles, including segregational streaking. Learn how to identify and address
- [The melting point of aluminium](https://aluminium-guide.com/melting-point-aluminium/): Unlock the secrets of aluminium melting points. Dive into the science behind the variation in melting temperatures based on aluminum
- [Density of aluminium](https://aluminium-guide.com/aluminium-density/):   Learn about the advantages of low density of aluminium. Find out how it contributes to its strength and cost-effectiveness
- [Strength of Aluminium](https://aluminium-guide.com/strength-aluminium/): Discover aluminium strength: learn about its mechanical characteristics, tensile strength, and yield strength. Main mechanical properties Almost any structural material,
- [Aluminium extrusions sretching](https://aluminium-guide.com/stretching-aluminium-extrusions/): aluminium stretching
- [Extrusion of aluminium](https://aluminium-guide.com/extrusion-aluminium/): Learn the ins and outs of extrusion aluminium. Discover how this process allows for large deformations while minimizing cracking risk.
- [Pitting corrosion of aluminium](https://aluminium-guide.com/pitting-corrosion-aluminium/): The types of aluminium corrosion Алюминий может подвергаться различным видам коррозии, которые более или менее видны невооруженным взглядом. К основным
- [Aluminium extrusion pullers](https://aluminium-guide.com/aluminum-extrusion-puller/): The crucial role of an aluminium extrusion puller in the extrusion process. Discover how it maintains profiles, signals the press,
- [Standards for Aluminium Anodising](https://aluminium-guide.com/aluminium-anodising-standard/): Learn about the importance of standards in the aluminium anodising process. Discover how this international standard ensures the quality and
- [Flat rolled aluminium standards](https://aluminium-guide.com/flat-rolled-aluminium-standards/): Discover the importance of flat rolled aluminium standards in ensuring product safety, quality, and lower costs. What is a standard
- [Aluminium melt processing for billet casting](https://aluminium-guide.com/molten-aluminium-processing/): Aluminium remelt and billet casting plant This is the final article of the review of the production instruction of the
- [Remelting aluminium for billet casting](https://aluminium-guide.com/remelting-furnaces-billet-aluminium-casting/): Aluminium melt preparation The productivity of a aluminium DC casting plant often depends on the melt batch preparation cycle time.
- [6 из 10 ошибок при экструзии алюминия](https://aluminium-guide.com/6-of-10-errors-in-aluminum-extrusion/):   Это – продолжение обзора нарушений технологии, которые могут происходить при прессовании алюминия. Первые четыре ошибки см. здесь. №5 –
- [An extrusion aluminium remelt shop](https://aluminium-guide.com/aluminium-remelt-billet-shop/): Everything you need to know about extrusion aluminium remelt and its role in creating new extrusion ingots from aluminium scrap.
- [Designing an Aluminium Profile](https://aluminium-guide.com/designing-aluminium-profile/): Discover the possibilities of designing aluminium profiles with insights from industry experts. Learn how to construct cost-effective and optimal profiles
- [Aluminium bolts, nuts and washers](https://aluminium-guide.com/aluminium-bolts-nuts-washers/): Find out why aluminium bolts, nuts, and washers are the perfect choice for fasteners. Enjoy corrosion resistance, lightweight design, and
- [Aircraft aluminium: rolled, extruded and forged](https://aluminium-guide.com/aluminum-aircraft/): Aluminium is the material of choice for most aircraft structures. High-strength aluminium alloy is the most used material for the
- [Protection of structural aluminium from corrosion](https://aluminium-guide.com/structural-aluminium-corrosion/): Discover the science behind structural aluminium corrosion and how to protect it. Learn about galvanic, pitting, and crevice corrosion and
- [Aluminium ventilated facade](https://aluminium-guide.com/aluminium-ventilated-facade/): A ventilated facade Each ventilated facade usually includes, least, the following components (figure 1): substructure – supporting frame for cladding
- [The pretreatment of aluminium before powder coating](https://aluminium-guide.com/pretreatment-aluminium/): Discover the importance of the pretreatment of aluminium for powder coating. Find out about the different methods and benefits of
- [Aluminium chromate conversion coatings](https://aluminium-guide.com/chromate-conversion-coatings/): Discover the advantages of chromate conversion coatings for aluminium surface pretreatment. From corrosion resistance to increased durability, this process offers
- [Wrought construction aluminium: Eurocode 9](https://aluminium-guide.com/construction-aluminium-eurocode-9/): Find the perfect construction aluminium alloy for your building needs. From extruded pipes to cold drawn profiles, select the optimal
- [Colouring anodized aluminium](https://aluminium-guide.com/electrocoloring-anodized-aluminium/): Explore the methods of colouring anodized aluminium and learn about the advantages of electrolytic colouring for achieving color uniformity and
- [Roll-formed aluminium profiles](https://aluminium-guide.com/roll-formed-aluminium-profiles/): Aluminium profiles are not only extruded, as well as cold-formed on special roller lines. Cold formed aluminium profiles are often
- [Sand mold for casting aluminium](https://aluminium-guide.com/sand-molds-casting-aluminium/): Learn about the production process and benefits of aluminium sand casting mold. Find out how this method is used to
- [Aluminium sand casting](https://aluminium-guide.com/aluminium-sand-casting/): Learn about the properties and benefits of aluminium casting in sand moulds. Find out how this versatile process produces high-quality
- [Foundry aluminium alloys](https://aluminium-guide.com/foundry-aluminium-alloys/): Unlock the potential of foundry aluminium alloys in casting. Gain insights into their composition, properties, and applications. An casting is
- [The surface quality of machined aluminium](https://aluminium-guide.com/surface-quality-machined-aluminium/): Compared to other metal materials, aluminium is easy to machine.  But the surface quality of machined aluminium is different for
- [Aluminium rivets](https://aluminium-guide.com/aluminium-rivets/): Ниже представлены выдержки из практического руководства для американских авиационных механиков по применению алюминиевых заклепок при ремонте самолетов. Начинающим это будет
- [Требования к алюминиевым отливкам по Еврокоду 9](https://aluminium-guide.com/requirements-for-aluminum-castings-according-to-eurocode-9/): Ниже представлен обзор рекомендаций Еврокода 9 по применению литейных алюминиевых сплавов. Для профессионального применения рекомендаций Еврокода следует использовать его аутентичный
- [Heat-treatable aluminium in Eurocode 9](https://aluminium-guide.com/heat-treatable-aluminium-in-eurocode-9/): Европейский стандарт EN 1999-1-1, который входит в серию стандартов EUROCODE 9 или Еврокод 9, определяет общие правила и нормы применения
- [Aluminium LED profiles](https://aluminium-guide.com/aluminum-led-profiles/): Светодиодное освещение Применение светодиодного освещения стремительно растет во всем мире. Только в США за счет применения светодиодного освещения вместо обычного
- [An aluminium bottle](https://aluminium-guide.com/alyuminievye-butylki/): Universal packaging for liquids An aluminium bottle has many advantages over other methods of packaging liquid products. It is rightfully
- [Aluminium remelting furnaces](https://aluminium-guide.com/otrazhatelnye-pechi-dlya-plavki-alyuminiya/): На рисунке 1 показана общая классификация печей для плавки алюминия [1]. Схематично показано, как зарождались, развивались и как связаны между
- [Aluminum products for aircraft and automobiles](https://aluminium-guide.com/aluminum-products-aircraft-automobiles/):   Сплавы для алюминиевых профилей Основными группами сплавов для алюминиевых изделий, которые изготавливают методами горячей и холодной деформации – в
- [Aluminium rolling](https://aluminium-guide.com/aluminium-rolling/): Aluminum sheets – thin and thick, as well as foil are made by rolling a fairly thick aluminum billet –
- [Rolled aluminum applications](https://aluminium-guide.com/rolled-aluminum-applications/): Алюминиевый прокат – плоский прокат Алюминиевый прокат – это плоский прокат: плиты, листы и фольга. Именно плоский алюминиевый прокат –
- [Aluminium annealing](https://aluminium-guide.com/aluminium-annealing/): Types of aluminium annealing Aluminium annealing have several types that differ in obective [1]: full annealing partial annealing stress-relief annealing
- [Flat rolled aluminum](https://aluminium-guide.com/about-rolled-aluminum/):   Потребители алюминиевого проката Самыми яркими представителями потребителей алюминиевого проката являются алюминиевые «пивные» банки (рисунок 1), а также разнообразные по
- [Hollow aluminium extrusion die correction](https://aluminium-guide.com/hollow-aluminium-extrusion-die-correction/): The advantage of correcting hollow aluminium extrusion dies There are various places in hollow aluminium extrusion die to apply corrections
- [Die correction in aluminium extrusion](https://aluminium-guide.com/die-correction-aluminium-extrusion/): The knowledge of die correction in aluminium extrusion. The reasons why die corrections are necessary and the expertise needed to
- [Testing a new extrusion die](https://aluminium-guide.com/testing-aluminium-extrusion-die/): Get insights into testing aluminium extrusion dies and the significance of analysing trial extrusion to ensure die specifications are met.
- [Soldering of aluminium](https://aluminium-guide.com/soldering-aluminium/): Soldering vs. brazing of aluminium Aluminium and aluminium alloys can be joined by two similar processes: brazing and soldering [1]:
- [Aluminium brazing fluxes](https://aluminium-guide.com/aluminium-brazing-fluxes/): Learn about the importance of aluminium brazing fluxes in the brazing process. Find out how they help prevent oxidation and
- [Aluminium-silicon casting alloys](https://aluminium-guide.com/aluminium-silicon-casting-alloys/):   The effects of silicon Silicon in aluminium alloys much improved their casting characteristics. Additions of silicon to pure aluminium
- [Machining of aluminium castings](https://aluminium-guide.com/machining-aluminium-castings/): About the process of machining aluminium castings for optimal part geometries and features. Learn how to adapt machining practices for
- [Aluminium melt contaminants](https://aluminium-guide.com/aluminium-contaminants/): Learn about the different sources of aluminium contaminats and their effects on the metal processing methods. Find out how impurities
- [Aluminium castings in cars](https://aluminium-guide.com/aluminium-castings-car/): Learn about the different methods of aluminium castings used in car industry. From sand mold casting to precision casting, discover
- [Low pressure aluminium casting](https://aluminium-guide.com/low-pressure-aluminium-casting/): Discover the advantages of low pressure casting for aluminium production, including its use in the manufacturing of aluminium wheels. Pressure
- [Chemical reactions of aluminium](https://aluminium-guide.com/chemical-reactions-aluminium/): Dive into the world of aluminium chemistry and its unique reactivity. Explore the fascinating reactions and non-reactivity of aluminium with
- [Extrusion press alignment](https://aluminium-guide.com/extrusion-press-alignment/): General principles of extrusion press alignment Typical direct-action extrusion presses are shown in Figures 1-3. Fig. 1 – A typical
- [Metallurgical anodising defects](https://aluminium-guide.com/metallurgical-anodising-defects/): This defect refers to defects of visible nonuniform appearance of the anodized surface associated with violation of the manufacturing technology
- [6061 aluminium alloy](https://aluminium-guide.com/alyuminiim-alloy-6061/): Aluminium alloy 6061: A medium to high strength heat treatable wrought aluminium alloy. It has very good corrosion resistance and
- [Streaking defects of anodised aluminium](https://aluminium-guide.com/streaking-defects-anodised-aluminium/): Discover the different types of streaking defects in anodised aluminium and their impact on extruded profiles. Understand how non-uniform metallurgical
- [Extrudability of aluminium alloys](https://aluminium-guide.com/extrudability-aluminium-alloys/): Understand the extrudability of aluminium alloys in the extrusion process. Learn how alloy content and strength affect the ease of
- [Anodizing of Aluminium](https://aluminium-guide.com/anodising-aluminium/): Anodizing is an electrochemical process in which the part is made the anode. A potential is applied to this piece
- [Silicon in aluminium](https://aluminium-guide.com/silicon-aluminium/): Silicon in aluminium. Find out why silicon is considered the most crucial alloying component in the majority of cast aluminum
- [Aluminium at elevated temperatures](https://aluminium-guide.com/aluminium-elevated-temperatures/): Discover the effect of temperature on the strength of aluminum alloys. Learn about the strength of aluminum at elevated temperatures.
- [Tempers of heat-treatable aluminium alloys](https://aluminium-guide.com/aluminium-temper/): Definitions Temper Condition of metal of aluminium or aluminium alloy produced by mechanical and/or thermal processing. Typically characterized by a
- [The temper of an aluminium alloy](https://aluminium-guide.com/temper-aluminium-alloy/): Learn about aluminium alloys and their temper designations. Find out how different tempers affect the physical properties of aluminium products.
- [Aluminium Alloy Phase Diagrams](https://aluminium-guide.com/aluminium-alloy-phase-diagrams/): Explore the revised edition of ASM Handbook on Alloy Phase Diagrams, with updated information on over 1000 binary and ternary
- [Aluminium alloys as Lightweight Materials](https://aluminium-guide.com/lightweight-materials/): Learn the basics, properties, and applications of lightweight metals like magnesium alloys, beryllium, and titanium with Flake Campbell’s guide Lightweight
- [Aluminum Extrusion Technology Seminar (1969)](https://aluminium-guide.com/aluminum-et-seminar-1969/): The world of aluminum extrusion at the 1969 Aluminum ET Seminar. Explore topics like precision extrusions, cutting, and billet preheat
- [Aluminium as Light Metal](https://aluminium-guide.com/light-metal-aluminium/): Light metal Aluminium. It used in many industrial applications. Learn how to use and produce this valuable metal. From Metallurgy
- [Mechanical Properties of Metals](https://aluminium-guide.com/mechanical-properties-metals/):   Learn about mechanical properties of metals from this book: Strain, Conventional & True Stresses. Elastic Stress–Strain Relations, Yield Strength,
- [Aluminum Castings Engineering Guide](https://aluminium-guide.com/aluminum-castings-engineering/): Aluminum Castings Engineering – Discover the advantages of aluminum casting, process engineering, design, and validation in this practical guide by
- [Aluminium Casting Technology](https://aluminium-guide.com/aluminium-casting-technology/): Explore how aluminium casting technology can help develop fabricated products. Learn about efficient fuel control of a casting furnace, alloying
- [Aluminium Design and Construction](https://aluminium-guide.com/aluminium-design-construction/): Get the fundamentals on Aluminium Design and Construction from John Dwight. Learn about alloys, castings, fire risks and more in
- [Refractories for Aluminium](https://aluminium-guide.com/refractories-aluminium-electrolysis-cast/): Refractories for Aluminium: Electrolysis and the Cast House By A. Yurkov (2015) Discover classifications, compressives and bending strength elements of
- [Titanium: Metallurgy, Processing, and Applications](https://aluminium-guide.com/titanium-metallurgy/): Ed. F.H. Froes “Titanium Metallurgy, Processing, and Applications” is an essential guide to titanium metallurgy & alloying behavior. Find out
- [Aluminium Structural Elements Design](https://aluminium-guide.com/aluminium-structural-elements-design/): Description A comprehensive guide to aluminium structural elements design according to Eurocode 9. Learn how to design using examples and
- [Aluminium Structural Design](https://aluminium-guide.com/aluminium-structural-design/): Learn about aluminium structural design, from fabrication processes, mechanical & physical properties, design types, Eurocodes, welded & bolted joints to
- [Design of Aluminium Structures with Eurocode 9](https://aluminium-guide.com/design-aluminium-structures-eurocode-9/): Designers’ Guide to Eurocode 9 details the principles and application rules related to design aluminium structures according to Eurocode 9.
- [Aluminum Science and Technology](https://aluminium-guide.com/aluminum-science-technology/): Learn the processes, capabilities, and variables in producing and fabricating aluminum products using the ASM Handbook, Volume 2A “Aluminum Science
- [Aluminium Fatigue: The Effects of Temperature](https://aluminium-guide.com/aluminium-fatigue-effect-temperature/):   From Properties of Aluminum Alloys: Fatigue Data and Effects of Temperature, Product Form, and Processing by J.G. Kaufman (2008)
- [Fatigue of Aluminium Alloys](https://aluminium-guide.com/fatigue-aluminium/): Explore the fatigue of aluminium alloys at high and low temperatures. Discover how these properties affect the performance of aluminum
- [Aluminum Fracture Resistance](https://aluminium-guide.com/aluminum-fracture-resistance/):  John Gilbert Kaufman’s ASM Handbook is a must-read regarding aluminum fracture resistance: learn about Notch-Tensile tests, Fracture-Toughness data and more.
- [Tensile properties of Wrought Aluminum Alloys](https://aluminium-guide.com/tensile-properties-wrought-aluminum/): Investigate the tensile properties of wrought aluminum, across many alloys such as 2014-O, 2014-T6, 2014-T651 and more. In the book:
- [Structural Aluminium Design](https://aluminium-guide.com/structural-aluminium-design/): Discover the history, manufacture, properties and uses of structural aluminium design with this comprehensive guide. Unlock the potential of bending
- [Aluminum Design Manual](https://aluminium-guide.com/aluminum-design-manual/):   Aluminum Design Manual 2020 / Aluminum Association The next edition of the Aluminum Association’s Aluminum Design Manual (ADM): Updated every
- [Aluminum Recycling and Processing](https://aluminium-guide.com/aluminum-recycling-and-processing/):   Aluminum Recycling and Processing for Energy Conservation and Sustainability / ed. John Green BRIEF CONTENTS Life-Cycle Engineering and Design
- [Extrusion Press Maintenance Manual](https://aluminium-guide.com/extrusion-press-maintenance/): Optimize your extrusion press with Mechanical Maintenance and Lubrication to avoid common problems. Preventive Maintenance Program Recommendations, Daily Check Sheet
- [Titanium and Titanium Alloys](https://aluminium-guide.com/titanium-and-titanium-alloys/): Learn about the wide range of applications for Titanium Alloys. From aerospace to medicine, these alloys offer excellent corrosion resistance
- [Magnesium and Its Alloys](https://aluminium-guide.com/magnesium-alloys/): A book about Magnesium Alloys Technology and Applications. The latest info, including grain refinement, micro-alloying, creep or fatigue properties, coatings,
- [Magnesium and Magnesium Alloys](https://aluminium-guide.com/handbook-magnesium-and-magnesium-alloys/):   ASM Specialty Handbook: Magnesium and Magnesium Alloys / eds. M. M. Avedesian, H. Baker BRIEF CONTENTS Metallurgy and Alloys
- [Production and processing of aluminium](https://aluminium-guide.com/production-processing-aluminium/): In the book “Fundamentals of aluminium metallurgy – Production, processing and applicatins” Edtted by Roger Lumley (2010) BRIEF CONTENTS Introduction
- [Aluminium casting knowledge](https://aluminium-guide.com/aluminium-casting-knowledge/): Discover the fundamentals of Aluminium Casting knowledge! Learn about reactions of melt with its environment, oxide skin formation, entrainment processes
- [Aluminium Casting Defects](https://aluminium-guide.com/aluminium-casting-defects/): The common aluminium casting defects & identifying solutions in the Casting Defects Handbook. Uncover defects & prevention strategies for cold
- [Aluminium Direct Chill Casting](https://aluminium-guide.com/aluminium-direct-chill-casting/): Aluminium Direct Chill Casting: learn about Effect of Cooling Rate and Melt Temperature on Solidification of Aluminum Alloys, Microsegregation, Solidification
- [Aluminium castings rules](https://aluminium-guide.com/aluminium-castings-rules/): Get the complete knowledge on aluminium castings rules with the book “Castings practice: the 10 rules of casting” by John
- [Aluminium Alloys Development](https://aluminium-guide.com/aluminium-alloys-development/): Learn about recent innovations and challenges in Aluminium Alloys Development at 11th International Conference. Establish new solutions in Al sheet
- [Designing with Aluminum Alloys](https://aluminium-guide.com/designing-aluminum-alloys/): Gain an understanding of fundamentals of designing with aluminum alloys like homogenization, solution treatment, aging treatment, precipitation, hardening, textures, toughness,
- [Welding of Aluminium and Its Alloys](https://aluminium-guide.com/aluminium-welding/): In the book “The welding of aluminium and its alloys” by Gene Mathers (2011) 1 – Introduction to the welding
- [Engineering Aluminium Alloys](https://aluminium-guide.com/engineering-aluminium-alloys/): Explore the elements of metallurgy and engineering alloys. Explore the elements of metallurgy and learn about solidification and grain refinement
- [Aluminum Physical Metallurgy](https://aluminium-guide.com/physical-metallurgy-aluminium/): Learn about the physical metallurgy of aluminium in this comprehensive guide. Discover mechanical and physical properties, phase diagrams, heat treatment,
- [Direct-Chill Casting of Aluminium](https://aluminium-guide.com/direct-chill-casting-aluminium/): About Direct-Chil Casting of Aluminium in The book “Direct-Chill Casting of Light Alloys – Science and Technology” by John Grandfield,
- [Fundamentals of Aluminium Metallurgy: Recent Advances](https://aluminium-guide.com/fundamentals-aluminium-metallurgy/):   Fundamentals of Aluminium Metallurgy: Recent Advances Edited by Roger Lumley (2018) BRIEF CONTENTS Introduction: Aluminium, the Strategic Material New
- [Corrosion of Aluminum and Aluminum Alloys](https://aluminium-guide.com/corrosion-aluminum/): ed. J. R. Davis BRIEF CONTENTS Introduction Key Characteristics of Aluminum The Aluminum Industry Primary Aluminum Production Secondary Aluminum Production
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- [Aluminium Casting Processing](https://aluminium-guide.com/aluminium-casting-processing/):   Discover the aluminium casting processing in ASM Handbook Volume 15: Casting. Learn about thermodynamics, alloys, furnaces, degassing, and more.
- [Aluminum Alloys and Tempers](https://aluminium-guide.com/aluminum-alloys-tempers/): a thorough understanding of aluminum alloys and tempers. Explore the designation systems, characteristics, and strengthening mechanisms of both wrought and
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- [Alkaline etching of aluminium](https://aluminium-guide.com/aluminium-alkaline-etching/): Long life alkaline etching bath For decorative matting of the surface during anodizing of aluminium products in Europe, alkaline etching
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- [Tesla aluminium casting](https://aluminium-guide.com/tesla-aluminium-casting/): Tesla has its own aluminium casting. At the end of July 2021 of the year, Tesla has filed a patent
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- [Aluminium powder metallurgy](https://aluminium-guide.com/aluminium-powder-metallurgy/): Aluminium powder metallurgy is a cost-effective and sustainable method for creating materials with unique chemical compositions and microstructures. Learn how
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- [Coating powders production](https://aluminium-guide.com/coating-powders-production/): Discover the step-by-step process of coating powders production. From weighing and pre-mixing to grinding and packaging, learn how to create
- [Powder coatings for architectural aluminium](https://aluminium-guide.com/powder-coatings-architectural-aluminium/): Uncover the secrets of powder coatings for architectural aluminium. Learn about the composition and characteristics of powder paints, including binders
- [Molten aluminium filtration](https://aluminium-guide.com/molten-aluminium-filtration/):   Molten aluminium filtration process Aluminium alloys have big tendency toward oxidation. Therefore, they often contain contaminants that are harmful
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- [TRAINING IN ALUMINIUM](https://aluminium-guide.com/training-aluminium/): Learn all about aluminium processing and its applications with TALAT: Training in Aluminium Application Technologies. Explore methods and technologies used
- [Grounding for powder coating](https://aluminium-guide.com/grounding-powder-coating/): Electrostatics of aluminum powder coating Powder coating Powder coating is a method of applying electrically charged powder paint to a
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- [Aluminium melting fluxes](https://aluminium-guide.com/aluminium-melting-fluxes/): Improve the quality of aluminium through fluxing. Discover how aluminium melting fluxes can degas, reduce magnesium, remove impurities, and enhance
- [Sorting of aluminium scrap for separation of alloys](https://aluminium-guide.com/sorting-aluminium-scrap-alloys/): Visual sorting of aluminium scrap by alloys A very important type of aluminium scrap sorting – alloys sorting. Usually aluminium
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- [A review of wrought aluminium alloys](https://aluminium-guide.com/review-wrought-aluminium-alloys/): Discover the characteristics and uses of wrought aluminium alloys. From high corrosion resistance to excellent formability, these alloys have a
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- [Simulation of aluminium extrusion](https://aluminium-guide.com/simulation-aluminium-extrusion/): Discover how simulation of aluminium extrusion can improve the quality of extruded profiles during the design stage. Learn more about
- [Design properties of aluminium](https://aluminium-guide.com/useful-properties-aluminium/): Learn about the practical applications of useful properties of aluminium. Among many other important properties, the most useful properties of
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- [Aluminum Extrusion Technology Seminar (2000)](https://aluminium-guide.com/aluminum-extrusion-technology-seminar-2000/): Get valuable insights into Aluminum Extrusion with topics like machinability optimization, billet microstructure, and simulation of flow at Aluminum Extrusion
- [6060 aluminium alloy](https://aluminium-guide.com/6060-aluminium-alloy/): Chemical composition Nominal chemical composition Al-0,5Mg-0,45Si Chemical composition according to EN 573-3 Table 1 – The chemical composition of 6060
- [Aluminum Extrusion Technology Seminar (1996)](https://aluminium-guide.com/aluminum-et-seminar-1996/): Explore the world of Aluminum ET Seminar at the 1996. Dive into topics such as extrudability, mechanical properties, and process
- [6005A aluminium alloy](https://aluminium-guide.com/6005a-aluminium-alloy/): Chemical composition Nominal composition Al-0,7Si-0,6Mg-MnCr The standard composition See Figure 1.  Figure 1 – The fragment of Table 6 from
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- [Aluminium Theses](https://aluminium-guide.com/aluminium-theses/): Characterization of microstructure in aluminum alloys based on electron backscatter diffraction /Tobias Kayser – Dr.-Ing. Dissertation – Technischen Universität Dortmund
- [Aluminium Webinars](https://aluminium-guide.com/aluminium-webinars/): The valuable insights into aluminium from Gain valuable insights into aluminium from Aluminium Webinars. Aluminum Extrusions: From Start to Finish 
- [Aluminium car body](https://aluminium-guide.com/aluminium-car-body/): Learn about the advancements in car design with the Audi A8: from an aluminium car body to the incorporation of
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- [An aluminium products review](https://aluminium-guide.com/aluminium-products/): Get an in-depth understanding of the aluminium industry and its production process. From bauxite extraction to alumina refining, explore the
- [Mechanical properties of aluminium](https://aluminium-guide.com/mechanical-properties-aluminium/):   Learn about the tensile mechanical properties of aluminium and its alloys. Discover how stress and strain affect the behavior
- [A Classification of Aluminium Alloys](https://aluminium-guide.com/classifications-aluminium-alloys/): The most important alloying elements used to impart particular properties to aluminium are silicon (Si), magnesium (Mg), manganese (Mn), copper
- [Aluminium applications](https://aluminium-guide.com/aluminium-applications/): Discover the diverse applications of aluminium in industries like construction, packaging, and electrical engineering. Find out how this versatile material
- [Valueable properties of aluminium](https://aluminium-guide.com/valueable-properties-aluminium/): Explore the valuable properties of aluminium, including its low density, high corrosion resistance, and impressive thermal and electrical conductivity. Combination
- [Heat Treatment of Aluminium Alloys](https://aluminium-guide.com/heat-treatment-aluminium-alloys/): When the term “heat treatment” is applied to aluminium alloys, its use is restricted to the specific operations employed to
- [Video: Reverberatory aluminium melting furnaces](https://aluminium-guide.com/video-reverberatory-aluminium-melting-furnaces/): Go to the script
- [Video: Two types of spot welding of aluminium](https://aluminium-guide.com/video-two-types-of-spot-welding-of-aluminium/): Go to the script
- [Two types of spot welding of aluminium](https://aluminium-guide.com/two-types-spot-welding-aluminium/): Two types of spot welding Two main types of spot welding procedures are available: arc spot welding and resistance spot
- [Video: Designing of aluminium forging](https://aluminium-guide.com/video-designing-of-aluminium-forging/): Go to the script
- [Designing of aluminium forging](https://aluminium-guide.com/designing-aluminium-forging/): Aluminium forgings were first used about 90 years ago for the aerospace industry. Since then, there has been a rapid
- [Video: Types of aluminium pressure die casting](https://aluminium-guide.com/video-types-aluminium-pressure-die-casting/): Go to the script
- [Types of aluminium pressure die casting](https://aluminium-guide.com/types-aluminium-die-casting-processes/): The main types of aluminium die casting processes There are a number of die casting processes. The main types of
- [Video: Principles of designing a good window](https://aluminium-guide.com/video-principles-designing-good-window/): Go to the script
- [Principles of designing a good window](https://aluminium-guide.com/principles-designing-good-window/): Two-Step Sealing In order that windows may be able to resist wind and weather expose them, windows  must include in
- [Video: Bayer Process: From Bauxite to Alumina](https://aluminium-guide.com/video-bayer-process/): Go to the script
- [Bayer Process: From Bauxite to Alumina](https://aluminium-guide.com/bayer-process-bauxite-alumina/): Bayer process consists of the extraction of alumina from bauxite. The process for the production of alumina was discovered in
- [Video: Aluminium extrusion surface defects](https://aluminium-guide.com/video-aluminium-extrusion-surface-defects/): Go to the script
- [Video: An aluminium extrusion container](https://aluminium-guide.com/video-aluminium-extrusion-container/): Go to the script
- [Video: Aluminium ageing ovens](https://aluminium-guide.com/video-aluminium-ageing-ovens/): Go to the script
- [Video: An aluminium products review](https://aluminium-guide.com/video-aluminium-products/): Go to the script
- [Video: Aluminium melting dross](https://aluminium-guide.com/video-aluminium-melting-dross/): Go to the script
- [Video: Aircraft Fastening](https://aluminium-guide.com/video-aircraft-fastening/): Go to the script
- [VIDEO: Aircraft aluminium](https://aluminium-guide.com/video-aircraft-aluminium/): Go to the script
- [Video: Brazing of Aluminium](https://aluminium-guide.com/video-brazing-aluminium/): Go to the script
- [Video: Extrusion of 2xxx and 7xxx aluminum alloys](https://aluminium-guide.com/video-extrusion-2xxx-7xxx-aluminum-alloys/): Go to the script
- [Video: Anodizing of Aluminium](https://aluminium-guide.com/video-anodizing-aluminium/): Go to the script
- [Video: Degassing Molten Aluminium](https://aluminium-guide.com/video-degassing-molten-aluminium/): Go to the script
- [Video: Mechanical Joining of Thin-Walled Aluminium](https://aluminium-guide.com/video-mechanical-joining-thin-walled-aluminium/): Go to the script
- [Video: MIG Welding of Aluminium](https://aluminium-guide.com/video-mig-welding-of-aluminium/): Go to the script
- [Video: Aluminium melting: a dry hearth vs a wet bath](https://aluminium-guide.com/video-aluminium-melting-a-dry-hearth-vs-a-wet-bath/): Go to the script  
- [Video: Aluminium extrusion die corrections](https://aluminium-guide.com/video-aluminium-extrusion-die-corrections/): Go to the script
- [Video: TIG welding of aluminium](https://aluminium-guide.com/video-tig-welding-aluminium/): Go to the script
- [Video: Classification of Aluminium Alloys](https://aluminium-guide.com/video-classification-aluminium-alloys/): Go to the script
- [Video: Role of Bearings In Aluminium Extrusion Die](https://aluminium-guide.com/video-role-of-bearings-in-aluminium-extrusion-die/):  Go to the script
- [Video: Adhesive bonding of aluminium](https://aluminium-guide.com/video-adhesive-bonding-of-aluminium/): Go to the script
- [Video: Metallurgy of 6000 Series Aluminium Alloys](https://aluminium-guide.com/vido-metallurgy-of-6000-series-aluminium-alloys/):  Go to the script
- [Video: Molten aluminium processing](https://aluminium-guide.com/video-molten-aluminium-processing/): Go to the script
- [Molten aluminium processing](https://aluminium-guide.com/molten-aluminium-processing-2/): When discussing the quality of aluminum melt, we mean the degree to which an aluminium alloy is free of the
- [Video: Explosive Welding of Aluminium](https://aluminium-guide.com/video-explosive-welding-aluminium/):  Go to the script
- [Video: The crystal structure and properties of aluminium](https://aluminium-guide.com/video-crystal-structure-properties-aluminium/):   Go to the script
- [Video: The microstructure of aluminium and its properties](https://aluminium-guide.com/video-microstructure-aluminium-properties/):  Go to the script
- [Video: Friction Welding of Aluminium](https://aluminium-guide.com/video-friction-welding-of-aluminium/): Go to the script!
- [Video: How Welding Heat Affects Aluminium](https://aluminium-guide.com/video-how-welding-heat-affects-aluminium/):  Go to the script
- [Video: Blind Rivets for Aluminium](https://aluminium-guide.com/video-blind-rivets-for-aluminium/):  Go to the script
- [Video: Fibre Grain Structure of Aluminium Forgings](https://aluminium-guide.com/video-fibre-grain-structure-aluminium-forgings/): Go Go to the script
- [Video: The Surface of Aluminium and Its Corrosion Resistance](https://aluminium-guide.com/video-surface-aluminium-corrosion-resistance-2/): Go Go to the script
- [Video: How the Surface of Aluminium Determines Its Corrosion Resistance](https://aluminium-guide.com/video-surface-aluminium-corrosion-resistance/): Go to the script
- [Video: Pressure Counterpressure Casting of Aluminum](https://aluminium-guide.com/video-pressure-counterpressure-casting-of-aluminum/): Return to the post
- [Pressure Counterpressure Casting of Aluminum](https://aluminium-guide.com/pressure-counterpressure-casting-of-aluminum/): The counterpressure casting process is an evolution and extension of the basic low-pressure die casting process. The equipment used in
- [Video: Permanent Mold Casting of Aluminum](https://aluminium-guide.com/video-permanent-mold-casting-aluminum/): Return to the parent article  
- [Permanent mold casting of aluminum](https://aluminium-guide.com/permanent-mold-casting-aluminum/): Video: Permanent Mold Casting of Aluminum The permanent mold casting process involves the production of castings by pouring molten metal
- [Machinability of Aluminium Alloys](https://aluminium-guide.com/machinability-aluminium-alloys-script/): Compared to other construction materials, aluminium is easy to machine. However, considering the wide range of alloys available, it is
- [Video: Machinability of Aluminium Alloys](https://aluminium-guide.com/video-machinability-aluminium-alloys/)
- [How Aluminum Alloy Type Affects Machining Tool Wear](https://aluminium-guide.com/how-aluminum-alloy-type-affects-machining-tool-wear/): The tool wear while machining aluminium occurs due to abrasion of the free surface. Consequently, the deciding criterion for measuring
- [Video: Which aluminium alloys are the most difficult to machine?](https://aluminium-guide.com/video-aluminium-alloys-difficult-machine/):  Go to the script
- [Video: Tools for Machining Aluminium](https://aluminium-guide.com/video-tools-machining-aluminium/):  Go to the script
- [Tools for Machining Aluminium](https://aluminium-guide.com/tools-for-machining-aluminium/): Tools suitable for machining aluminium differ from those required for machining steel. Aluminium cannot be worked with tools which are
- [How the Surface of Aluminium Determines Its Corrosion Resistance](https://aluminium-guide.com/surface-aluminium-corrosion/): The effective use of aluminium is sensitive to its potential reactivity under various environmental circumstances. Fortunately, exposure of aluminium in
- [The Fibre Grain Structure of Aluminium Forgings](https://aluminium-guide.com/the-fibre-grain-structure-of-aluminium-forgings/): Aluminium forgings were first used about 90 years ago for the aerospace industry. Since then, there has been a rapid
- [Blind Rivets for Aluminium Structures](https://aluminium-guide.com/blind-rivets-for-aluminium-structures/): Well designed joints are essential to ensure the satisfactory performances of any aluminium structure. When components have to be riveted
- [How Welding Heat Affects Aluminium](https://aluminium-guide.com/welding-heat-affects-aluminium/): Aluminium Alloys for Welded Constructions The strength of non-heat-treatable alloys is not affected by the welding heat. However, for cold
- [Friction Welding of Aluminium](https://aluminium-guide.com/friction-welding-of-aluminium/): Friction welding Friction welding is a process in which mainly rotationally symmetrical parts are rotated while being pressed together, thereby
- [How the microstructure of aluminium determines its properties](https://aluminium-guide.com/aluminum-properties-microstructure/): Any process for the fabrication of aluminium components determines not only the shape of the component, but also its microstructure.
- [How the crystal structure of aluminium provides its properties](https://aluminium-guide.com/crystal-structure-aluminium/): The atomic number of an aluminium atom is 13. The outer electron shell contains three electrons. These contribute to the
- [Explosive Welding of Aluminium](https://aluminium-guide.com/explosive-welding-aluminium/): Principle of Explosive Welding Shock waves (3,000 to 9,000 m/s) can produce pressures of up to 6 x 106 N/cm2.
- [Mechanical Joining of Thin-Walled Aluminium](https://aluminium-guide.com/mechanical-joining-aluminium/): Joining is an important and often critical process step in the manufacturing of aluminium components from shaped sheet and/or profiles.
- [MIG Welding of Aluminium](https://aluminium-guide.com/mig-welding-aluminium/): MIG Welding is Metal Inert Gas Welding Analogous to TIG welding, MIG welding is conducted using inert gases. The arc
- [TIG welding of aluminium: equipment and materials](https://aluminium-guide.com/tig-welding-aluminium-equipment-materials/): Inert-gas tungsten-arc welding (TIG) is the most widely used fusion welding process for aluminium. During TIG welding, an arc is
- [Adhesive bonding of aluminium](https://aluminium-guide.com/adhesive-bonding-of-aluminium/): Adhesive bonding is defined as the process of joining parts using a non-metallic substance (adhesive) which undergoes a physical or
- [Aluminium melting: a dry hearth versus a wet bath](https://aluminium-guide.com/aluminium-melting-dry-hearth-wet-bath/): The purpose of an aluminium melting furnace is to convert the metal from its solid phase to liquid as quickly
- [Quality Testing Aluminium Melt](https://aluminium-guide.com/quality-testing-aluminium-melt/): Testing Aluminium Melt for Hydrogen The Straube-Pfeiffer Test One of the simplest and oldest tests is the Straube-Pfeiffer Test, or
- [Impurities in Molten Aluminium](https://aluminium-guide.com/degassing-molten-aluminium/): Impurities in Molten Aluminium It is believed that there is no such thing as a completely pure aluminium melt. The
- [Extrusion of 2xxx and 7xxx aluminum alloys](https://aluminium-guide.com/extrusion-of-2xxx-and-7xxx-aluminum-alloys-why-is-it-so-difficult/): Why is it so difficult? The basics differences in extruding the higher-strength 2xxx and 7xxx aluminium alloys, compared to more
- [The Role of Bearings In Aluminium Extrusion Die](https://aluminium-guide.com/role-bearings-aluminium-extrusion-die/): Aluminium extrusion is a plastic deformation process in which an aluminium billet is forced to flow by compression through the
- [The Metallurgy of 6000 Series Aluminium Alloys](https://aluminium-guide.com/6000-series-aluminium-alloys/): The 6000 series alloys are typical heat-treatable aluminium (Al) alloys which gain their strength from thermal processing rather than mechanical
- [Aircraft Fastening: Which is Better?](https://aluminium-guide.com/aircraft-fastening-rivets-bolts-adhesives-welding/): Aircraft structural materials used in major components such as the fuselage, wings, landing gear, and empennage are subject to a
- [Atmospheric Corrosion of Aluminium](https://aluminium-guide.com/atmospheric-corrosion-aluminium/): Explore the book ‘Corrosion of Aluminium’ by Christian Vargel and learn about the resistance of aluminium to atmospheric corrosion. The
- [Сorrosion of aluminium in inorganic substances](https://aluminium-guide.com/%d1%81orrosion-aluminium-inorganic-substances/): About corrosion of aluminium in inorganic substances in the book “Corrosion of aluminium”  by Christian Vargel. Selected contents of the
- [Metallurgical Processing of Aluminium Scrap](https://aluminium-guide.com/metallurgical-processing-aluminium-scrap/): Discover the principles and considerations of metallurgical processing of aluminium scrap in this comprehensive part of the book “Handbook of
- [An aluminium extrusion butt](https://aluminium-guide.com/extrusion-butt/): A butt in direct aluminium extrusion During the extrusion process, sticking friction usually occurs between the billet and container. It
- [Laser sorting of aluminium scrap](https://aluminium-guide.com/laser-sorting-aluminium-scrap/): Laser sorting of aluminium scrap by induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS). It is an atomic emission spectroscopy procedure. It can give
- [Aluminium ageing ovens](https://aluminium-guide.com/aluminium-ageing-ovens/): Artificial aging of profiles from aluminium alloys of the 6xxx series includes heating in ageing ovens to a temperature of
- [Brazing of aluminium](https://aluminium-guide.com/brazing-aluminium/): Brazing is a joining method which provides a permanent bond between the parts to be joined with the help of
- [An aluminium extrusion container](https://aluminium-guide.com/aluminium-extrusion-container/): Learn about the major components of aluminium extrusion container and its importance in achieving accurate alignment. Aluminium extrusion press The
- [Aluminium machinability](https://aluminium-guide.com/aluminium-machinability/): Understanding machinability of aluminium alloys, from low strength wrought alloys to heat hardened thermally non-hardened alloys. Machinabilty of Aluminium alloys
- [Metals Process Simulation](https://aluminium-guide.com/metals-process-simulation/): Learn about metals process simulation in manufacturing. Discover the methods, models, and tools used to predict microstructure and mechanical properties
- [Armour aluminium](https://aluminium-guide.com/armour-aluminium/): The primary considerations used in selecting aluminium alloys as armour aluminum are their ballistic protection, weldability and corrosion resistance. 1
- [Overheating hydraulic oil of extrusion press](https://aluminium-guide.com/overheating-of-extrusion-press-hydraulics/): As hydraulic fluid circulates through an extrusion press hydraulic system it produces heat by doing work and transports that heat
- [7005 aluminium alloy](https://aluminium-guide.com/aluminium-alloy-7005/): 7005 aluminium alloy: A heat treatable high strength alloy with high corrosion resistance and high weldability Good for structural applications
- [Industrial and Process Furnaces](https://aluminium-guide.com/industrial-and-process-furnaces/): by Peter Mullinger and Barrie Jenkins The book “Industrial and Process Furnaces” provides a comprehensive reference to all aspects of
- [Aluminium scrap charging and melting](https://aluminium-guide.com/aluminium-scrap-charging/): Understand the complexity of charging aluminium scrap into a melting furnace to produce secondary aluminium alloys. Get insights into aluminum
- [Aluminium extrusion billets quality](https://aluminium-guide.com/aluminium-extrusion-billets-quality/): Improve the quality of aluminium extrusion billets by controlling the alloy’s chemical composition. Learn about the importance of magnesium, silicon,
- [Aluminium casting methods](https://aluminium-guide.com/aluminium-casting-methods/): Source: Aluminium Automotive Manual – Manufacturing – Casting Methods Aluminium casting methods Aluminium casting methods are differentiated according to (Figure
- [Troubleshooting Aluminium Welding](https://aluminium-guide.com/welding-aluminium-troubleshooting/):   A Practical Guide for Troubleshooting Aluminium Welding. Welding Aluminium – Questions and Answers By Tony Anderson SELECTED CONTENTS 1
- [The Structure and Properties of Aluminium Alloys](https://aluminium-guide.com/structure-properties-aluminium-alloys/): Explore the structure and properties of aluminium alloys in this comprehensive book. Learn about their composition, thermal, mechanical, and electrical
- [Consumer properties of aluminium](https://aluminium-guide.com/consumer-properties-aluminium/): Consumer properties of aluminium and its alloys provide the wide application of aluminium products in many areas of human activity.
- [Aluminium sheet forming](https://aluminium-guide.com/aluminium-sheet-forming/):   Discover how aluminium sheet forming processes are classified when following the system for process classification. From compressive to tensile
- [Aluminium alloys for food and beverage cans](https://aluminium-guide.com/aluminium-alloys-food-beverage-cans/): Aluminum cans make up a significant portion of old aluminium scrap. What alloys are they made from? Can they be
- [Automotive aluminium scrap](https://aluminium-guide.com/automotive-aluminium-scrap/): In the automotive industry, aluminium is used to make many parts. Therefore, automotive aluminum scrap plays an important role in
- [Aluminium extrusion surface defects](https://aluminium-guide.com/aluminium-extrusion-surface-defects/): Learn about common aluminium extrusion surface defects and how to identify and prevent them. Explore the characteristics and classifications of
- [An extrusion die corrector: skills and abilities](https://aluminium-guide.com/extrusion-die-corrector/): A complete list of qualification requirements for a aluminium extrusion die corrector. Can be used when hiring new extrusion die
- [Gas savings in the production of extruded aluminium](https://aluminium-guide.com/gas-saving-production-aluminum-profiles/): It is known that the aluminum industry consumes huge amounts of natural gas. Therefore, in the current situation with global
- [Effects of hydrogen in aluminium](https://aluminium-guide.com/effects-hydrogen-aluminium/): by D.J. Talbot   BRIEF CONTENTS 1 OVERVIEW OF THE EFFECTS OF OCCLUDED HYDROGEN STATES OF OCCLUSION Nature of Hydrogen
- [Corrosion Resistance of Aluminium](https://aluminium-guide.com/corrosion-resistance-aluminium/): A comprehensive guide to corrosion resistance of aluminium – from Faraday Laws to chemical cells. Understand all you need to
- [Streaking on Aluminium Extrusions: Causes, Identification and Troubleshooting](https://aluminium-guide.com/streaking-aluminium-extrusions/): Streaking on aluminium extrusions can originate in billet metallurgy, die-controlled metal flow, thermomechanical conditions, cooling or longitudinal weld regions. This article explains why E6 etching can reveal these differences and presents a practical method for finding their probable cause.
- [Die Lines, Micro Die Lines and Pick-up in Aluminium Extrusion](https://aluminium-guide.com/die-lines-micro-die-lines-pick-up-aluminium-extrusion/):  Die lines, micro die lines and pick-up can all produce longitudinal marks on aluminium extrusions, but their causes are different. This article explains how to distinguish these defects, how they develop at the die bearing, and what happens to them during E6 etching and anodizing.
- [AA-8000 Aluminium Building Wire Today: Alloys, Standards and Applications](https://aluminium-guide.com/aa-8000-aluminium-building-wire/): The problems with aluminium residential wiring in the 1960s changed the electrical industry. As discussed in the first article in this series, the failures were not simply caused by “bad aluminium.” They resulted from a combination of conductor material, small branch-circuit wires, connection technology, thermal cycling and installation practice. The second article followed the metallurgical response: the development of new aluminium conductor alloys that eventually became part of the AA-8000 series, including AA 8030, 8076 and 8176. But what happened next? Today, aluminium is widely used in building electrical systems, particularly for larger conductors. Modern aluminium building wire, however, is very
- [How AA-8000 Aluminium Alloys Were Born: From EC Aluminum to 8030, 8076 and 8176](https://aluminium-guide.com/aa-8000-aluminium-alloys-8030-8076-8176/): The problems with aluminium residential wiring in the United States during the 1960s created an unusual metallurgical challenge. Aluminium was already an excellent electrical conductor. The old EC — Electrical Conductor — aluminum offered high conductivity and low weight. So engineers did not simply need a “better conductor”. They needed aluminium that could combine high electrical conductivity with better mechanical behaviour in building-wire applications. Beginning around 1968, several American companies attacked this problem independently. Southwire, Alcoa and Olin developed different aluminium conductor alloys and manufacturing processes. These developments became associated with alloys later standardized within the AA-8000 series. The interesting part
- [Why Aluminium Electrical Wiring Failed in the 1960s — and What Engineers Learned](https://aluminium-guide.com/aluminium-wiring-problems-1960s/): Aluminium is one of the world’s most important electrical conductor materials. It is widely used in overhead power lines, cables and electrical distribution systems. Yet aluminium wiring also has a bad reputation, especially in the United States. The reason goes back to the 1960s, when aluminium wire was installed in many American homes. Some of these electrical systems later developed overheating connections and fire hazards. But the common explanation — “aluminium wire was unsafe” — is too simple. The real story is more interesting. It changed electrical installation practice and helped create a new generation of aluminium conductor alloys. Why Did
- [American vs. European Classification of Cast Aluminium Alloys](https://aluminium-guide.com/cast-aluminium-alloy-classification-american-vs-european/):  The numbers are different, but the metallurgy is often comparable. Aluminium foundries and design engineers often work with two different alloy designation systems: the American system used by the Aluminum Association (AA) and the European system defined by EN 1706 and the related designation standard EN 1780-1. The two systems are based on similar metallurgical principles, but their numbering logic is different. This becomes important when an engineer buys material from another country, changes a supplier, converts an American drawing to European standards, or looks for an equivalent alloy. One of the best examples is A356.0. In the American system it
- [Aluminium Casting Defects: Causes, Prevention and Inspection](https://aluminium-guide.com/aluminium-casting-defects-2/): Aluminium casting can produce complex and reliable engineering components, but the casting process can also create defects that affect strength, fatigue life, corrosion resistance and dimensional stability. The important point is that casting defects are rarely caused by one factor alone. A defect may result from the combination of: alloy + melt quality + mould design + filling + feeding + solidification + heat treatment. For this reason, the best approach is not simply to inspect a casting and reject defective parts. A good foundry tries to prevent defects by controlling the process from melting to final inspection. 1. Porosity Porosity
- [Aluminium Casting Alloys: How to Choose the Right Alloy](https://aluminium-guide.com/aluminium-casting-alloys/): Choosing an aluminium casting alloy is not simply a question of finding the alloy with the highest tensile strength. The right alloy depends on the complete engineering problem: part geometry + casting process + required strength + ductility + temperature + corrosion + machining + heat treatment + cost. For this reason, the best casting alloy for a simple bracket may be completely different from the best alloy for a large machine housing, a hydraulic component or a safety-critical structural casting. 1. Start with the Casting Process Before choosing the alloy, the engineer should know how the part will be cast.
- [Cast Aluminium vs. Wrought Aluminium: How to Choose the Right Material for a Part](https://aluminium-guide.com/cast-aluminium-vs-wrought-aluminium/): When designing an aluminium component, engineers often have two basic options: use a wrought aluminium alloy and manufacture the part by extrusion, rolling, forging or machining, or use a cast aluminium alloy and produce the component directly by casting. Both solutions can produce reliable engineering parts. The correct choice depends not only on strength, but also on geometry, production volume, machining, welding, fatigue, weight and manufacturing cost. The most important rule is simple: Choose the manufacturing process together with the material. 1. Wrought and cast aluminium are different material families Wrought aluminium alloys are normally designated by EN AW, for example:
- [Design of Cast Aluminium Parts: General Engineering Principles](https://aluminium-guide.com/design-cast-aluminium-parts-engineering-principles/): Cast aluminium is widely used for housings, brackets, covers, frames, machine parts, hydraulic components and many other engineering products. Casting allows engineers to produce complex shapes with ribs, bosses, holes and local reinforcement in one part. However, a good cast aluminium part cannot be designed simply as a machined block made from aluminium. The casting process strongly affects the geometry, material properties and reliability of the final component. The basic rule is simple: The part should be designed together with the casting process. 1. Choose the alloy and casting process first The first design decision is not only the aluminium alloy.
- [Metallurgy of Extrusion and Rolling Aluminum Alloys](https://aluminium-guide.com/aluminum-alloy-metallurgy/): Aluminum alloys are often divided into “extrusion alloys” and “rolling alloys”. From a metallurgical point of view, this division is too simple. The real difference is not only the alloy number. It is the interaction between chemical composition, phases, grain structure, deformation and heat treatment. This is why alloys such as 6061 and 6082 can be used for both extruded and rolled products, while 6063 is strongly associated with extrusion and 7075 is much more common in plate, sheet and forgings. Usually 6xxx alloys are described as heat-treatable alloys based mainly on magnesium and silicon, while 7xxx alloys use zinc as
- [Welding of Cast Aluminum Alloys: Methods, Problems and Solutions](https://aluminium-guide.com/welding-cast-aluminum-alloys/): Welding cast aluminum alloys is more difficult than welding many wrought aluminum alloys. The main reason is the structure of cast metal. Castings can contain silicon, copper, magnesium, iron, pores, oxide films and other inclusions. These features can make welding unstable and can cause cracks or porosity in the weld.For a young engineer, the most important rule is simple: do not treat a cast aluminum part like a piece of ordinary aluminum sheet. Before welding, identify the alloy, understand the casting quality and prepare the defect correctly. Why Is Cast Aluminum Difficult to Weld? Aluminum has a melting temperature of about
- [Eurocode 9 Aluminum Durability: How Standards Protect Structures](https://aluminium-guide.com/eurocode-9-aluminum-durability/): Aluminum is a fantastic material for modern buildings. It is light, strong, and shapes easily. However, weather and pollution can damage it over time. Eurocode 9 aluminum durability rules explain how to keep these metal structures safe and strong for many decades. The official European standard for this is EN 1999. This code helps engineers choose the right aluminum type for every project. It looks at how chemicals, moisture, and design shapes affect the metal. Let us look at the main steps Eurocode 9 uses to guarantee durability. Understanding Aluminum Alloy Classes Not all aluminum is the same. Manufacturers mix pure
- [Eurocode 9 Aluminum Alloys: A Guide to Wrought and Cast Types](https://aluminium-guide.com/eurocode-9-aluminum-alloys/): Aluminum is a fantastic material for modern construction. It is three times lighter than steel, resists rust naturally, and is easy to shape. However, you cannot use just any aluminum for structural engineering. Builders in Europe must follow a strict standard called Eurocode 9 (EN 1999). This article provides a clear overview of Eurocode 9 aluminum alloys. We will look at the exact engineering reasons why the standard selects certain materials, and explore the two main categories: wrought alloys and cast alloys. The Strict Selection Principles of Eurocode 9 Aluminum does not have a clear yield point like structural steel. Engineers
- [How Aluminum Alloying Affects Corrosion Resistance: A Simple Guide](https://aluminium-guide.com/aluminum-alloying-corrosion-resistance/): Pure aluminum is famous for its excellent natural protection against rust. When it touches oxygen, it quickly forms a very thin, invisible layer called aluminum oxide. This layer acts like a shield, blocking water and chemicals from damaging the metal underneath. You can read more about this natural shield on authoritative materials databases like Total Materia. However, pure aluminum is too soft for heavy-duty jobs like building airplanes, cars, or ships. To make it stronger, engineers mix it with other metals. This process is called alloying. While adding these metals makes aluminum strong, it also changes how the metal reacts to
- [Aluminum vs Cast Iron Engine Blocks: Differences and Problems](https://aluminium-guide.com/aluminum-vs-cast-iron-engine-block/): The engine block is the core part of any car. When engineers build a car, they must choose between two main materials: aluminum and cast iron. Both materials have unique features, benefits, and common issues. In this article, we will compare aluminum vs cast iron engine blocks in simple terms to help you understand which one is better for different types of vehicles. The Main Difference Between Aluminum and Cast Iron Blocks The main difference between these two materials is the balance of weight and strength. Aluminum blocks are very light and cool down quickly, making them popular for modern cars.
- [Aluminum vs Magnesium: Properties, Alloys, and Manufacturing](https://aluminium-guide.com/aluminum-vs-magnesium/): When modern engineering demands lightweight yet durable materials, two metals stand above the rest: aluminum and magnesium. Both belong to the group of light metals, but they offer completely different mechanical behaviors, manufacturing challenges, and cost structures.Choosing between these two materials can make or break a project. This comprehensive guide breaks down the core differences, processing technologies, and global industrial applications of aluminum and magnesium without relying on outdated regional standards. 🏭 Core Properties: Aluminum vs Magnesium To understand why these metals behave so differently in the workshop, we must look at their fundamental physics and atomic structures. Weight & Density
- [Why Aluminum Doesn't Rust Like Steel: The Secret of the Oxide Shield](https://aluminium-guide.com/aluminium-corrosion-steel-rust/): When you leave a steel tool outside in the rain, it quickly turns red and starts to crumble. However, an aluminum soda can or window frame can sit in the rain for years without falling apart. Why does this happen? The short answer is that aluminum does not contain iron, so it cannot rust. Instead, aluminum forms a protective skin that stops deep corrosion. Understanding this process helps us choose the right materials for buildings, cars, and everyday tools. 1. The Big Difference: Rust vs. Corrosion People often use the words «rust» and «corrosion» to mean the same thing, but they
- [Iron in Aluminum: Effects, Phase Diagram, and Standards](https://aluminium-guide.com/iron-in-aluminum/): Iron (Fe) is the most common impurity found in aluminum alloys. It gets into aluminum very easily during mining and melting. Because it is hard to remove, engineers must understand how it changes the metal. In some cases, iron is a harmful pollutant that ruins the quality of the metal. In other cases, factory workers add it on purpose to help with manufacturing. This article explains the good effects, bad effects, phase diagrams, and official limits of iron in aluminum using simple language. The Pros and Cons of Iron in Aluminum Alloys Iron behaves differently depending on the type of aluminum
- [A Guide to Aluminum Fluidity in Casting: Mastering Thin-Walled Components](https://aluminium-guide.com/aluminum-fluidity-casting/): Aluminum casting is a cornerstone of modern manufacturing. Engineers use it to create lightweight, durable parts for automotive, aerospace, and electronics industries. However, the success of any casting project depends on one vital property: fluidity. This comprehensive guide breaks down the science of aluminum fluidity. You will learn why it matters for thin-walled parts, how to test it, and how to optimize it for different alloys using international material standards. What is Aluminum Fluidity and Why Does It Matter? In foundry terms, fluidity is not just the inverse of viscosity. It is a technological property. It describes the ability of molten
- [Seamless vs. Seam Aluminum Tubes: The Ultimate Guide for Beginners](https://aluminium-guide.com/seamless-seam-aluminum-tubes/): Are you looking for the right aluminum tube for your next project? If you check a manufacturer catalog, you will find two main choices: seamless aluminum tubes and seam (welded) aluminum tubes. Choosing the wrong type can ruin your project, waste your money, or even cause a dangerous accident. In this comprehensive guide, we break down the differences, production methods, materials, and real-world applications in simple terms. 1. What is the Core Difference Between Seamless and Seam Aluminum Tubes? The main difference between these two types of tubes is how they are built on the inside. This internal structure changes how
- [Aluminum extrusion temperature control](https://aluminium-guide.com/aluminum-extrusion-temperature-control/): Aluminum extrusion temperature control is the most important factor in making high-quality metal profiles. If the temperature gets too high, the metal rips and cracks. If it stays too cold, the metal gets too hard to push through the machine. This destroys the steel tooling and slows down your factory production. For factory owners and machine operators, finding the perfect thermal balance is a daily challenge. This guide breaks down the complex science of heat management into simple, easy-to-understand steps. You will learn the exact target numbers, common production mistakes, and modern tools used to measure hot moving metal. Figure 1
- [How Aluminum Changed Audi: The Story of a Car Revolution](https://aluminium-guide.com/how-aluminum-changed-audi/): Did you know why Audi cars are so fast and safe? The secret is under the paint. For over 40 years, the German brand has used aluminum instead of heavy steel. In this article, we will look at the history of Audi light bodies. You will learn how past technologies help create modern electric cars. Why Did Audi Choose Aluminum? In the 1970s, the world faced a fuel crisis. Petrol became expensive. Car brands needed to lower fuel use. The easiest way to do this was to make cars lighter. Normal steel makes cars heavy. Audi engineers looked at aluminum. People
- [Aluminum Alloys in Bridge Construction](https://aluminium-guide.com/aluminum-alloys-bridge-construction/): Bridges are essential for modern transportation. For centuries, engineers built them using stone, wood, concrete, and steel. Today, a new material is changing the industry: aluminum alloys. Using aluminum alloys in bridge construction is becoming highly popular worldwide. This lightweight and durable metal helps engineers build stronger, longer-lasting structures. In this article, we will explore the history, manufacturing methods, core benefits, and famous global examples of aluminum bridges. Table of Contents Why Engineers Choose Aluminum Alloys Key Manufacturing Methods: Extrusion and Welding A Brief History of Aluminum Bridges Famous Global Examples: Canada, Germany, and China The Future of Aluminum Bridge Infrastructure
- [Shaft Melting Furnace for Aluminum: Pros, Cons & Uses](https://aluminium-guide.com/shaft-melting-furnace-aluminum/): Aluminum is one of the most useful metals in the world. To use it, factories must first melt it down. Choosing the right industrial furnace is very important for saving money and energy. A shaft melting furnace (also known as a tower furnace) is a popular choice for high-volume factories. In this article, we will look at how it works, where factories use it, and its main pros and cons. What is a Shaft Melting Furnace? A shaft melting furnace is a tall, vertical furnace. Workers load raw aluminum pieces into the top of the tower. This raw material is called
- [What EN Standard Aluminum Alloys Are Car Engine Blocks Made Of?](https://aluminium-guide.com/aluminum-cylinder-block-alloys-materials-tech-and-global-car-brands/): The heart of every modern vehicle is its engine block. For decades, car companies made engine blocks out of heavy cast iron. Today, almost every new passenger car uses an aluminum cylinder block to reduce weight, improve steering balance, and meet strict fuel efficiency targets. However, pure aluminum is too soft to survive the extreme heat and friction of moving pistons. To solve this, global engineers mix aluminum with silicon, copper, and magnesium. This mix creates a super-strong group of metals called silumins. In technical documentation, these materials are widely classified under strict European Standards (EN). Let us look at the
- [Aluminum Alloys in Space Technology: The Short Guide](https://aluminium-guide.com/aluminum-alloys-space-technology/): Aluminum alloys, particularly the 2xxx and 7xxx series, are essential in space technology for their superior strength-to-weight ratio, cryogenic performance, and durability. Advanced materials like AA 2195 aluminum-lithium are utilized in major projects such as NASA’s Space Launch System to significantly reduce weight, while AA 7075 is crucial for high-impact applications like rover components. Space travel is a very difficult challenge for engineers. Rocket launch vehicles and spacecraft must endure extreme forces during takeoff. Once they are in orbit, they face freezing cold, intense heat, and vacuum environments. To survive these conditions without breaking, engineers must select the right materials. For
- [Comprehensive Guide to Aluminum Alloys in Modern Shipbuilding](https://aluminium-guide.com/aluminum-alloys-shipbuilding/): Aluminum alloys have changed how engineers design and build modern ships. Marine engineers choose aluminum because it is light, strong, and lasts a long time. Replacing steel with aluminum can reduce the total weight of a ship’s structure by up to 50%. This weight reduction gives ship operators two major benefits: much lower fuel consumption and higher maximum speeds. Today, aluminum is a primary material for everything from small pleasure boats to advanced naval warships. 1. Vessel Classification by Size and Aluminum Use The size of a vessel dictates how shipbuilders use aluminum. Marine architects categorize applications into three main groups
- [Aluminum in Food Industry: Equipment, Packaging, and Storage](https://aluminium-guide.com/aluminum-food-industry/): Aluminum is one of the most popular metals used in the modern food and beverage industry. Thanks to its lightweight nature, excellent corrosion resistance, and high thermal conductivity, aluminum plays a vital role in food processing, packaging, and long-term storage. Why Use Aluminum for Food Contact? Aluminum offers several key physical and chemical advantages that make it suitable for hygienic and demanding environments: Corrosion Resistance: Aluminum naturally forms a thin oxide layer (Al2O3) when exposed to air, protecting it from corrosion. Thermal Conductivity: It transfers heat quickly and evenly, reducing energy costs during cooking, pasteurization, or freezing. Light Weight: Reduces shipping
- [Guide to Eurocode 9: Design of Aluminium Structures vs Steel](https://aluminium-guide.com/eurocode-9-design-aluminium-vs-steel/): Eurocode 9 (also known as EN 1999) is the official European standard for designing aluminium structures. It provides engineers with safety rules, calculation methods, and design guidelines to build safe and durable structures using aluminium alloys. Aluminium is becoming very popular in modern construction. You can see it in glass facades, large stadium roofs, pedestrian bridges, and offshore platforms. However, designing with aluminium is different from designing with steel. Eurocode 9 helps engineers handle these unique differences. The 5 Parts of Eurocode 9 Eurocode 9 is divided into five main parts, each covering a specific design topic: EN 1999-1-1 (General Rules):
- [Aluminum Alloys in Aircraft: How They Are Used in Big, Small Planes and Helicopters](https://aluminium-guide.com/aluminum-alloys-in-aircraft/): Aluminum is often called the «winged metal.» For more than 100 years, aircraft builders have used aluminum alloys to make airplanes and helicopters. An alloy is a metal made by mixing aluminum with other chemical elements like copper, zinc, magnesium, or silicon. Aluminum alloys are popular in aerospace engineering because they are light, strong, easy to shape, and resistant to rust (corrosion). Why Aircraft Builders Choose Aluminum Alloys Aircraft need to be as light as possible to fly efficiently and save fuel. However, they must also be strong enough to handle extreme air pressure, vibrations, and weather conditions. Aluminum alloys offer
- [Aluminum Alloys in Architecture: Uses, Alloy Grades & Standards](https://aluminium-guide.com/aluminum-alloys-in-architecture/): Aluminum is one of the most popular materials in modern architecture and building. It is strong, lightweight, and easy to shape. Steel is heavy and rusts easily, but aluminum stays strong and clean for a long time. Today, architects use aluminum alloys for skyscrapers, glass walls, roofs, and bridge structures. In this article, you will learn why aluminum is used in construction, which alloys are best, and which international standards govern its use. Why Use Aluminum in Building and Architecture? Pure aluminum is very soft. However, mixing it with small amounts of other metals creates an aluminum alloy. These alloys offer
- [Aluminium Chemistry: What Does It React With?](https://aluminium-guide.com/aluminium-chemistry-simple/): Aluminium (Al) is one of the most useful metals on Earth. It is light, strong, and easy to shape. But in chemistry, it has a unique personality: it is amphoteric, meaning it can act as both an acid and a base depending on what it meets. In this article, we will explain the chemistry of aluminium and its main compounds in simple terms. We will cover what they react with, what they ignore, and why this matters in real life. The Secret Shield: The Oxide Film Before looking at reactions, you must know about aluminium’s hidden armor. When pure aluminium touches
- [Strength Criteria for Wrought and Cast Aluminum Alloys: Structural Design and Material Selection Guide](https://aluminium-guide.com/strength-criteria-wrought-cast-aluminum/): A comprehensive technical guide to static yield theories, fatigue endurance modeling, and fracture mechanics for wrought and cast aluminum alloys. Introduction to Mechanical Evaluation of Aluminum Alloys In structural and mechanical engineering, evaluating the load-bearing capacity of aluminum components is critical to preventing premature structural failure. Engineers classify aluminum alloys into two primary manufacturing categories: wrought alloys (processed through rolling, forging, or extrusion) and cast alloys (formed by pouring molten metal into molds). Due to the fundamental differences in their microstructures, grain alignments, and defect densities, distinct strength criteria must be applied when performing structural safety assessments. 1. Static Strength Criteria
- [Extrusion Press Tie Rods Tensioning: Methods, Calculations, and Troubleshooting](https://aluminium-guide.com/extrusion-press-tie-rod-tensioning/): An extrusion press works under extreme hydraulic pressure. The heavy forces try to push the press frame apart during operation. To prevent this, giant steel columns called tie rods hold the front platen and cylinder platen together. Proper extrusion press tie rod tensioning is critical to keep the machine aligned and prevent structural failure. If the tie rods are loose, the press frames will shift, parts will wear out quickly, and profiles will lose their shape. To understand how to tighten these massive columns, we must look at classic mechanical bolt tightening theory. The Core Theory of Bolted Joints In mechanical
- [Steel vs Aluminum Microstructure Analysis: Key Differences Explained](https://aluminium-guide.com/steel-vs-aluminum-microstructure-analysis/): Microstructure analysis shows us how atoms and grains form inside a metal. Engineers look at these structures under a microscope to understand metal strength, hardness, and durability. Both steel and aluminum alloys are popular in manufacturing. However, their microstructures behave differently. Here is a simple guide to their similarities and differences. Major Differences in Microstructure The biggest difference between steel and aluminum is how their crystal lattices react to heat. 1. Phase Transformations (Polymorphism) Steel changes its crystal shape when heated. This process is called polymorphism (or allotropy). Iron changes from Body-Centered Cubic (BCC) ferrite at room temperature to Face-Centered Cubic
- [What Are Streaking Defects in Anodized Aluminum](https://aluminium-guide.com/streaking-defects-anodized-aluminum/): Streaking is a major problem that makes the surface of anodized aluminum look uneven. It happens because the metal structure inside the aluminum is not uniform. When the metal is etched, different areas react differently. This creates visible lines or bands with different levels of brightness and shine. 3 Main Categories of Streaking Streaking defects usually come from three main sources: Billet structure streaks: These come from surface problems or poor metal quality in the original aluminum log (billet). Extrusion process streaks: These happen because of wrong machine settings or errors during extrusion. Die design streaks: These are caused by the
- [A Complete Guide to 7000 Series Aluminum Alloys](https://aluminium-guide.com/7000-series-aluminum-alloys/): Looking to select the right high-strength aluminum alloy for structural or aerospace manufacturing? The 7000 series aluminum alloys offer an exceptional strength-to-weight ratio, but their performance depends heavily on chemical composition. Understanding the key differences between copper-free aluminum alloys (Al-Zn-Mg) and copper-bearing aluminum alloys (Al-Zn-Mg-Cu) is essential for optimizing production. From selecting between high-speed extrusion presses and low-speed extrusion controls to choosing between press quenching and furnace quenching, this guide breaks down the critical material properties, heat treatment regimes (T6, T73, RRA (Retrogression and Re-Aging) ), and manufacturing process parameters required for optimal results. 1. Introduction to Al-Zn Systems The 7000
- [Is 1000 Series Aluminum Really an Alloy? Clear Explanation](https://aluminium-guide.com/1000-series-aluminum/): When you learn about metals, you often hear about the 1000 series aluminum. Many people ask a simple question: Is 1000 series aluminum a real alloy, or is it just pure aluminum? In this guide, we will answer this question in simple English and look at how these metals are named and used around the world. Is 1000 Series Aluminum an Alloy? The short answer is: No, it is not a traditional alloy. It is technically pure aluminum. In metallurgy, an alloy is a mixture made by combining aluminum with main elements like copper, magnesium, silicon, or zinc to make it
- [Aluminum Alloys: Why You Cannot Cast Wrought Alloys or Extrude Cast Alloys](https://aluminium-guide.com/aluminum-alloys-casting-extrusion/): A metallurgical deep-dive into physical chemistry, solid-state phase diagrams, silicon concentrations, and mechanical processing restrictions. Aluminum stands as one of the most widely utilized engineering metals in modern industry, celebrated for its low density, high strength-to-weight ratio, and robust natural corrosion resistance. However, pure aluminum lacks the mechanical integrity required for heavy-duty structural applications. To overcome these limitations, materials scientists blend pure aluminum with secondary alloying elements such as silicon, copper, magnesium, zinc, and manganese. The resulting materials—known as aluminum alloys—are subdivided into two fundamentally distinct metallurgical categories: wrought alloys (also referred to as deformable alloys) and cast alloys. A common
- [Extrusion Presses for Soft vs. High-Strength Aluminum Alloys](https://aluminium-guide.com/extrusion-presses-aluminum-alloys/): Aluminum is one of the most useful metals in the world. People use it to make windows, cars, airplanes, and bridges. To make these items, factories use a process called extrusion. They push heated aluminum through a shaped hole (called a die) to make long metal parts. However, not all aluminum alloys are the same. Soft alloys and high-strength alloys need very different extrusion presses. In this article, we will look at how these machines differ. What Are Soft and High-Strength Aluminum Alloys? Before we look at the machines, let us understand the two main types of aluminum alloys: Soft and
- [Black vs. Non-Ferrous: Key Differences Between Steel and Aluminum Metallurgy](https://aluminium-guide.com/differences-between-steel-and-aluminum-metallurgy/): The metallurgical industry is the bedrock of modern manufacturing. However, the production processes for the world’s two most popular metals—steel and aluminum—are completely different at every single stage. This article breaks down the core distinctions between ferrous (steel) and non-ferrous (aluminum) metallurgy, covering raw materials, production tech, energy consumption, and environmental impacts. 1. Raw Materials and Geography The first fundamental difference lies in the natural ore used and where it is mined around the globe. Steel: The primary raw material is iron ore (magnetite, hematite). Global reserves are vast and distributed evenly across continents, with top producers being Australia, Brazil, and
- [Extrusion Ratio Guide for Aluminium 6060 / 6063](https://aluminium-guide.com/aluminium-extrusion-ratio-6060-6063/): Are you working with industrial metal manufacturing or profile design? If yes, you must understand the aluminium extrusion ratio. This is especially true when working with 6000-series metals. Alloys like 6060 and 6063 are the most popular choices for commercial extrusions. Let us look at how this ratio affects these specific metals, why it matters, and how to calculate it using real factory numbers. What is Aluminium Extrusion? Aluminium extrusion is a process where a machine pushes a hot, solid block of metal (called a billet) through a tool with a specific hole (called a die). The metal comes out as
- [Nitriding Aluminum Extrusion Dies: Gas vs. Plasma](https://aluminium-guide.com/nitriding-aluminum-extrusion-dies/): Nitriding is a special heat treatment that makes aluminum extrusion dies last much longer. It infuses nitrogen into the surface of the steel, creating an incredibly hard outer layer that stops heavy wear and tear. Without this treatment, hot aluminum would quickly destroy the costly steel tools under extreme pressure. Why Do Extrusion Dies Need Nitriding? During the aluminum extrusion process, factories push hot metal through a steel die to make shapes. This process creates severe conditions: Extreme Heat: Dies operate at temperatures over 375 °C up to 570 °C. High Pressure: The machinery applies massive pressure to push the metal
- [How to Quench 6063 Aluminum Profiles on a Press](https://aluminium-guide.com/press-quench-aluminum-6063/): The 6063 aluminum alloy is the most popular choice for architectural and structural extrusions. To give these profiles their final strength, they must undergo heat treatment. ASTM B807 is the official standard for press quenching, also known as press solution heat treating. This process uses the natural heat of the extrusion press to dissolve alloying elements, saving time and lowering energy costs by skipping a separate heating furnace. What is ASTM B807 for 6063? It is the standard process rules to cool the 6063 alloy directly after it leaves the extrusion die to achieve structural properties safely and cheaply. The Three
- [Aluminum 6060 vs. 6063: Differences, Standards, and Uses](https://aluminium-guide.com/aluminum-6060-6063/): The 6000 series aluminum alloys are very popular in Europe. Two main grades dominate the market for extruded profiles: EN AW-6060 (AlMgSi0.5) and EN AW-6063 (AlMg0.7Si) according to EN 573-3. Though they look alike, small differences in their chemical makeup change how they behave during melting, extrusion, and surface finishing. Chemical Composition (EN 573-3) According to European norms, both are aluminum-magnesium-silicon alloys, but their element ranges differ slightly: Silicon (Si): 6060 has 0,30–0,60%. 6063 has a wider range of 0,20–0,60%. Magnesium (Mg): 6060 contains 0,35–0,6%. 6063 contains a higher amount of 0,45–0,9%, giving it a boost in hardening potential. Iron (Fe):
- [EN 755 vs. EN 12020: Choosing the Right Standard for Aluminum Profiles](https://aluminium-guide.com/en755-vs-en12020/): When you order extruded aluminum profiles, you must choose the right European quality standard. The two main standards are EN 755 and EN 12020. They look similar, but they serve completely different needs. Choosing the wrong one can lead to high costs or assembly problems. EN 755: The Standard for General Engineering EN 755 is the most common standard for industrial aluminum profiles. It is designed for projects where strength matters more than high visual beauty or microscopic precision. Key Features: Wider dimensional tolerances and standard surface requirements. Best Used For: Heavy machinery, structural building frames, transport engineering, and hidden internal
- [6063 Aluminum: Practical Production Differences Between T5 and T6 Tempers](https://aluminium-guide.com/alloy-6063-temper-t5-t6/): When extruding 6063 aluminum, choosing between the T5 and T6 tempers changes how you run your production line. This choice changes press speed, cooling setups, and oven times. It is a direct trade-off between excellent profile shapes and maximum mechanical strength. 1. Die Exit Temperature Management The temperature of the metal profile as it leaves the die controls how well the alloying elements (Magnesium and Silicon) mix inside the aluminum matrix. T5 Temper: The target exit temperature is 500°C to 520°C. This is an easier window to hit. It reduces the risk of overburning the metal, allows for faster press speeds,
- [Complete Practical Guide to 6063 Aluminum Tempers and Aging Oven Parameters](https://aluminium-guide.com/6063-aluminum-tempers/): Aluminum alloy 6063 is a popular architectural metal known for great extrusion and smooth surfaces. Its key tempers include O, T1, T4, T5, T6, T64, and T66, each offering different strength levels and practical workshop uses. Understanding 6063 Tempers in Practice 6063-O (Annealed): Softest and most ductile state. Maximum tensile strength around 130 MPa. Used for severe cold forming and extreme bending operations. 6063-T1 (Cooled from extrusion and naturally aged): Minor stability after press air cooling. Tensile strength around 110-120 MPa. Best for parts needing maximum formability immediately after extrusion. 6063-T4 (Solution heat-treated and naturally aged): High elongation and good formability.
- [Evolution of Aluminum Scrap Melting Furnaces](https://aluminium-guide.com/aluminum-scrap-melting-furnaces/): Aluminum is one of the most recycled materials in the modern world. Melting aluminum scrap uses only about 5% of the energy needed to make primary aluminum from raw bauxite ore. Because of this massive energy saving, the technology used to melt aluminum scrap has evolved rapidly. Today, industrial furnaces must handle various types of scrap while minimizing metal loss, cutting fuel costs, and meeting strict environmental laws. 1. The History and Traditional Reverberatory Furnaces For many decades, the standard tool for large-scale aluminum recycling was the classic stationary reverberatory furnace. The name comes from the way heat behaves inside the
- [How to Choose the Right Aluminum Alloy for Your Project](https://aluminium-guide.com/how-to-choose-the-right-aluminum-alloy-for-your-project/): Choosing the right aluminum alloy can be difficult because different projects need different properties. This guide will show you the most important rules to select the best metal for your specific needs. 1. Check the 4 Main Rules of Selection Before you buy any aluminum, you must answer four simple questions about your project: Mechanical Strength: How much weight or pressure must the metal hold without breaking? Corrosion Resistance: Will the metal be outside in the rain, near salt water, or around harsh chemicals? Workability: Do you need to bend, cut, or shape the metal easily? Welding: Do you need to
- [Microscopic Particle Changes in 6063 Aluminum Tempers](https://aluminium-guide.com/microscopic-changes-6063-aluminum-tempers/): The strength of 6063 aluminum alloy depends heavily on how tiny particles grow inside it. During heat treatment, magnesium and silicon form magnesium silicide (Mg₂Si) precipitates. These particles block atomic movement (dislocations), making the metal harder and stronger. Here is how the microscopic structure changes inside the aging furnace for each major temper. 1. T4 Temper: Natural Aging (Supersaturated Solid Solution) In the T4 state, the aluminum undergoes high-temperature solution treatment and fast quenching, but it skips the aging furnace completely. Microstructure Status: The rapid cooling traps the magnesium (Mg) and silicon (Si) atoms inside the aluminum crystal matrix. This forms
- [6063 Aluminum Tempers Explained: Differences Between T4, T5, T6, T64, and T66](https://aluminium-guide.com/6063-aluminium-alloy-tempers/): The main differences between 6063 aluminum alloy tempers (T4, T5, T6, T64, and T66) are defined by mechanical strength, hardness, and thermal cooling methods. This technical guide breaks down how each temper is achieved under the EN 755-2 standard and how to choose the right one for your production needs. 1. Production Workflow Diagram The structural properties of the EN AW-6063 alloy are determined by how it is quenched (cooled) right after leaving the extrusion press and how it is aged inside the heat-treatment ovens. [Extrusion Press Output] │ ├──► Air Cool ──────────► Natural Aging ────────────────────────► T4 Temper ├──► Air Cool
- [Global Evolution of Aluminum Alloys in Armored Vehicle Design](https://aluminium-guide.com/aluminum-alloys-armored-vehicles/): Aluminum alloys have fundamentally altered the doctrine of mechanized warfare by balancing high ballistic mass-efficiency with rapid strategic mobility. While traditional steel remains a staple for heavy Main Battle Tanks (MBTs), aluminum dominates the structural hulls of Light Armored Vehicles (LAVs), Infantry Fighting Vehicles (IFVs), and Armored Personnel Carriers (APCs). By providing structural rigidity and ballistic defense at one-third the density of steel, aluminum alloys enable amphibious operations and rapid deployment via air transport. 1. Key Metallurgical Series in Military Armor The global defense industry primarily relies on two distinct families of aluminum for ballistic protection: 2. Historical Milestones & Global
- [Understanding Aluminium Alloy Tempers: The Complete Guide](https://aluminium-guide.com/aluminium-alloy-tempers/): Pure aluminium is soft, but mixing it with other metals creates strong aluminium alloys. To make these alloys ready for factories, they go through thermal or mechanical treatments. This final state of the metal is called its temper. The temper designation system uses letters and numbers added after the alloy name (for example, 6061-T6). 1. Main Temper Letter Codes There are five basic temper treatments. Each has a specific letter code. [Alloy Number]-[Basic Letter Code][Specific Sub-Numbers] Example: 6063-T66 F (As Fabricated): Metal used exactly as it comes out of shaping machines. No extra heating or hardening is done. O (Annealed): The
- [The Physics of Lightweight Armor: Structural Limits and Ballistic Trade-Offs of Aluminum](https://aluminium-guide.com/physics-lightweight-armor-aluminum/): Aluminum alloys are vital for modern combat armored vehicles due to their lightweight properties. However, engineers face strict design limitations when using them for ballistic protection. Here is a detailed breakdown of the limitations of aluminum armor and a specific comparison between two dominant military alloys: 5083 and 7039. Introduction Modern military strategy demands rapid deployment and high mobility. Heavy steel-armored vehicles often struggle with weight limits during air transport and cross-country maneuvering. To solve this, defense engineers frequently turn to aluminum alloys to build lightweight combat vehicles. While aluminum successfully cuts vehicle weight by up to 30%, it is not
- [Extrusion Press Alignment: Tools and Technique](https://aluminium-guide.com/extrusion-press-alignment-tools/): Proper extrusion press alignment is mandatory for maximizing production quality, reducing structural component wear, and minimizing unplanned downtime. The strict geometric relationships of both static and moving press components form the foundation of precise operation. These geometric tolerances must remain correct when the machine reaches its operational working temperature to account for complex thermal growth effects. They must also withstand dynamic mechanical stresses during operational load cycles, including intense container sealing pressures and high-tonnage forward ram displacement. Identification of Extrusion Press Components Fig. 1-1 – Identification of extrusion press components. Fig. 1-2 – An extrusion press diagram. Fig. 2 – Illustration
- [Direct-Chill aluminium casting machines](https://aluminium-guide.com/direct-chill-aluminium-casting/): Explore the world of direct-chill aluminium casting and the advantages of using vertical DC (VDC) casting machines for extrusion ingots production. Vertical and horizontal direct-chill (DC) casting machines For direct-chill aluminium casting of extrusion ingots, two types of casting machines are used in the world: vertical DC (VDC) casting  machines horizontal DC (HDC) casting machines. A general view of a vertical casting machine is shown as part of other equipment in Figure 1, and a horizontal casting machine is shown in Figure 2. The most widely used are vertical casting machines. They will be discussed below. Figure 1 — An vertical
- [6060/6063 Alloy Extrusion Billet - Microstructure Checklist](https://aluminium-guide.com/6060-6063-alloy-extrusion-billet-microstructure-checklist/): Below is the verified 6060/6063 Billet Extrusion-Readiness Microstructure Checklist integrated with authoritative academic and industrial research citations. The sources from metallurgy journals and research institutions are linked directly within each section to validate the microstructural limits required on the foundry floor. Every cast log (homogenized billet batch) must pass metallographic inspection against the following criteria before being released to the extrusion press logs. Grain Structure & Size Control Target Grain Size (Alloy 6060): Average grain diameter must be 80–130 μm. Target Grain Size (Alloy 6063): Stricter target of 70–100 μm due to higher magnesium and silicon loading. Morphology Requirement: 100% strictly
- [6060/6063 Aluminium Alloys Billet Casting: Shop-Floor Operator Guide](https://aluminium-guide.com/6060-6063-alloy-billet-casting-guide/): Aluminium alloys 6060 and 6063 are highly sensitive to solidification speed, Mg:Si ratios, and iron (Fe) impurity levels. Mismanagement of these variables leads to structural defects that will ruin the surface finish or cause profile breakage during downstream extrusion. Critical Metallurgical Targets for 6060/6063 alloys Grain Size Control: Must be kept under 150 microns to avoid «orange peel» defects on extruded profiles. Beta-AlFeSi Phase Minimization: Iron impurities must be tightly controlled, and billets must undergo uniform homogenization to convert brittle β-AlFeSi phases into ductile α-AlFeSi phases. Hydrogen Threshold: Maximum allowable hydrogen content is 0.12–0.15 ml/100 g to prevent profile blistering. Live-Cast
- [Direct-chill casting of aluminium](https://aluminium-guide.com/direct-chill-casting-aluminium-review/): Explore the direct chill aluminium casting method used to produce ingots for rolling and extrusion in the aluminium industry. DC casting What is DC casting? Direct-chill casting of aluminium alloys is used in the aluminium industry’s primary and secondary aluminium smelter cast houses to produce ingots for rolling and extrusion. During DC casting molten metal is poured into a water-cooled, bottomless mould. The melt is fed into the mould from the top, and the solidified part was withdrawn from the bottom. This is clearly seen in Figure 1. DC casting is so called because the produced billets are directly chilled with
- [Why are some aluminium profiles difficult to extrude?](https://aluminium-guide.com/aluminium-profiles-difficult/): An another very usuful post from Linkedin. Author – H G Shripad – https://easyaluminium.com/ Not every aluminium profile is equally easy to extrude. Two profiles may have The same weight Same alloy Same length. But one can run smoothly… and another can become a nightmare for production. Why? Because geometry matters. In aluminium extrusion, profile shape directly influences: Die design complexity Metal flow balancing Extrusion speed Die life Dimensional control Manufacturing cost A simple solid bar and a complex hollow profile are completely different engineering challenges. Common extrusion section categories include: Simple Bars Basic solid shapes. Easy metal flow. Simple tooling. Standard &
- [Why is the quality of an aluminium extrusion billet so important?](https://aluminium-guide.com/aluminium-extrusion-billet/): An another very usuful post from Linkedin. Author – H G Shripad – https://easyaluminium.com/ Why is the quality of an aluminium extrusion billet so important? The press gets the credit. The billet deserves it. Often, whenever an extrusion had a surface issue or inconsistent properties, our first reaction was to check the press, die or process parameters. Sometimes the root cause had entered the plant long before the billet reached the press. That’s why billet quality is one of the biggest foundations of extrusion excellence. Here’s why it matters. Billet quality directly influences: • Surface finish • Dimensional accuracy • Mechanical properties
- [Not only the alloy, but also the temper](https://aluminium-guide.com/aluminium-alloy-temper/): An another  usuful post from Linkedin. Author – H G Shripad – https://easyaluminium.com/ Not only the alloy, but also the temper Most people know the alloy. Very few know the temper. One letter completely changes all Sometimes customers ask: «Can you supply this profile in T5 instead of T6?» At first, it looked like a small change. But that one letter completely changes how the aluminium behaves. Strength Hardness Formability Machinability Even the final application. That’s why understanding temper is just as important as understanding the alloy itself. A simple overview F Temper As-fabricated condition with no special heat treatment. Mainly used before
- [Why might an aluminium extrusion product off-grade?](https://aluminium-guide.com/aluminium-extrusion-product-quality/): A very usuful post from Linkedin. Author – H G Shripad – https://easyaluminium.com/ Cheap aluminium is not always cheap The real cost Sometimes the real cost appears after installation. Many times customers compare aluminium profiles only based on: «$ per kg» But aluminium extrusion quality is not decided only by weight and price. Behind every good profile there is: Correct alloy chemistry Proper billet quality Controlled extrusion process Right heat treatment Required mechanical properties Using recycled aluminium is not a problem. Poor control of scrap is the problem. Because uncontrolled material can create: Chemical variation Lower mechanical performance Poor bending behaviour Surface defects
- [Why Aluminium Extrusion Dies Fail?](https://aluminium-guide.com/aluminium-extrusion-die-fails/): A very helpful article from Linkedin. Author — H G Shripad — https://easyaluminium.com/ Why Aluminium Extrusion Dies Fail? A problem A failed die never tells the full story. Many times we blame the person, before understanding the process. In aluminium extrusion, whenever a die fails or profile rejection happens, the common discussion starts: «It’s a die problem.» «It’s a press problem.» «It’s a design problem.» «It’s a material problem.» But the reality is: A die is working under extreme conditions: High temperature High pressure Continuous friction Repeated heating & cooling cycles And failure can happen because of many hidden reasons. Some
- [What is aluminium dross?](https://aluminium-guide.com/aluminium-dross/): The oxide-rich surface on melt Dross is the oxide-rich surface that forms on melts due to exposure to air. This term is usually applied to nonferrous melts, specifically aluminium. Dross comprises a physical mixture of oxides and entrapped molten or semimolten metal. The dross that forms on aluminium melts, aluminium melting dross, is normally considered to be an undesirable material. However, the solid form of dross is far from being undesirable. It is a valuable co-product that can have a major effect on the profitability of the producer’s operation. This comes from the simple fact that, in addition to the oxides
- [Video: Sheet Metal Forming with Bending](https://aluminium-guide.com/video-sheet-metal-forming-with-bending/): Go to the script
- [Sheet Metal Forming with Bending](https://aluminium-guide.com/sheet-metal-forming-bending/): Aluminum is one of the most popular metals in the world. It is light, strong, and does not rust easily. People use it to make cars, airplanes, electronics, and house parts. One common way to shape this metal is aluminum sheet metal forming with bending. In this article, you will learn how aluminum bending works, which aluminum types are best, and how to get the best results without breaking the metal. What is Aluminum Sheet Metal Bending? Sheet metal bending is a manufacturing process. It changes the shape of a flat piece of metal by applying force. The force bends the
- [Video: Aluminium Casting Design Guidelines](https://aluminium-guide.com/video-aluminium-casting-design-guidelines/): Go to the script
- [Aluminium Casting Design Guidelines](https://aluminium-guide.com/casting-design/): Key casting design considerations Casting design, including aluminium casting design, involves the specification of the overall configuration of the casting as well as the detail geometry of the various features that comprise it. The goal of casting design is: First, satisfy the functionality and service requirements of the application. Second, specify a casting configuration and detail design that results in low cost, high inherent quality, and short lead time. Key casting design considerations are shown in Figure 1. Figure 1 — Key casting design considerations Video: Aluminium Casting Design Guidelines Design for Strength and Stiffness The strength and stiffness of the
- [Video: Sheet Metal Compressive Forming](https://aluminium-guide.com/sheet-metal-compressive-forming/): Go to the script
- [Sheet Metal Forming with Compressive Stresses](https://aluminium-guide.com/sheet-metal-forming-with-compressive-stresses/): Sheet metal forming, including aluminium forming, is widely used in industry. The most rational way to classify metal sheet forming processes is to follow a stress state systems. The main sheet metal forming groops are processes by: forming with compressive stresses, forming with combined compressive and tensile stresses, forming with tensile stresses, forming with bending, and forming with shear. Predominantly compressive stresses Now we will look at the first of these groups. To this groop belong processes where the flow in the deformation zone mainly is established by a compressive load from the surroundings. Examples are: Stretching. Dome forming. Cold heading
- [Video: Ten Rules for Good Aluminium Casting](https://aluminium-guide.com/video-ten-rules-good-aluminium-casting/): Casting is a manufacturing process in which molten metal alloy is poured or otherwise caused to flow into a shape that approaches that of the finished component. In creating the casting, the melt is conducted to the cavity in a highly controlled manner using a system of channels, reservoirs, and other flow elements, which we will collectively refer to as the rigging system. The shape is provided by the mold, which is, in essence, a cavity having the negative shape of the component and sized to compensate for dimensional changes (shrink) that occur as the alloy solidifies and cools to room
- [Ten Rules for Good Aluminium Casting](https://aluminium-guide.com/ten-rules-good-casting/): Casting is a manufacturing process in which molten metal alloy is poured or otherwise caused to flow into a shape that approaches that of the finished component. In creating the casting, the melt is conducted to the cavity in a highly controlled manner using a system of channels, reservoirs, and other flow elements, which we will collectively refer to as the rigging system. The shape is provided by the mold, which is, in essence, a cavity having the negative shape of the component and sized to compensate for dimensional changes (shrink) that occur as the alloy solidifies and cools to room
- [Video: Special Mechanical Joints for Aluminium Profiles](https://aluminium-guide.com/video-special-mechanical-joints-aluminium-profiles/): Go to the script
- [Special Mechanical Joints for Aluminium Profiles](https://aluminium-guide.com/mechanical-joints-aluminium-profiles/): Well designed joints are essential to ensure the satisfactory performances of any structure. Here we present mechanical connections of extruded profiles to each other without the use of bolts, rivets and welding. Only due to the clever design of the profiles! These compounds include: Profile to Profile Joints Snap Joints Corner Connections. Profile to Profile Joints It is often an advantage to design products with large cross sections, such as component boxes, panels etc., as built up of smaller profiles. Figure 1 shows one simple way of connecting two profiles in the longitudinal direction is by including a groove and tongue
- [Video: Plasma Arc Cutting of Aluminium](https://aluminium-guide.com/video-plasma-arc-cutting-of-aluminium/): Go to the script
- [Plasma Arc Cutting of Aluminium](https://aluminium-guide.com/plasma-arc-cutting-aluminium/): Plasma arc cutting can be used to cut metals which cannot be cut using the oxyacetylene flame cutting (e.g., Al, Cu, CrNi-steels). The high energy density of the restricted plasma arc and its kinetical energy is utilised in melting and blowing away the molten metal from the cutting groove.  A pilot (auxiliary) arc is drawn between electrode and the gas cup, this arc being transferred to the work when the torch is brought near the work. The plasma gas is usually a mixture of argon and hydrogen in the ratio 3:2. The gas dissociates and ionises at the incandescent tungsten electrode,
- [Video: Plasma Arc Welding of Aluminium](https://aluminium-guide.com/video-plasma-arc-welding-aluminium/): Go to the script
- [Plasma Arc Welding of Aluminium](https://aluminium-guide.com/plasma-arc-welding-of-aluminium/): Principle of plazma arc welding Thermal plasma consists of electrons, ions and neutral particles under high temperature and subject to a disordered violent movement. The molecules are partly dissociated and the atoms ionised. During collision with the work-piece surface, these give their energy up to the work and recombine. The plasma is concentrated in the inside of the jet, thereby delivering a narrow plasma jet with a very high energy density. The plasma arc is, therefore, constricted and arcs between the tungsten electrode and the work-piece. The shielding gases used here are exclusively inert gases like argon, helium or a mixture
- [Video: Ultrasonic welding of aluminium](https://aluminium-guide.com/video-ultrasonic-welding-aluminium/): Go to the script
- [Ultrasonic welding of aluminium](https://aluminium-guide.com/ultrasonic-welding-aluminium/): Principle of Ultrasonic Welding In ultrasonic welding, frictional heat produced by the ultrasonic waves and force is used for the joining process. Ultrasonic waves (15 to 60 kHz) are transferred to the material under pressure with a sonometer. Welding times are lower than 3 s. The welding can proceed with or without the application of external heat (Figure 1). Figure 1 — Principle of ultrasonic welding Video: Ultrasonic welding of aluminium Joint Forms with Ultrasonic Welding The principle of the process limits the allowable mass of material on the sonotrode side to a maximum of 10 g. The maximum thickness that
- [Video: Electron Beam Welding of Aluminium](https://aluminium-guide.com/video-electron-beam-welding-aluminium/): Go to the script
- [Electron Beam Welding of Aluminium](https://aluminium-guide.com/electron-beam-welding-of-aluminium/): Operating Principle of an Electron Beam Welding Equipment The electron beam welding is associated with energy densities of more 108 W/cm2. A vaporisation of the metal occurs above 106. The electrons emitted from an incandescent electrode and accelerated in an electron gun are focussed to bombard the work placed in a vacuum chamber. An arrangement of deflecting systems is used to make the beam move. The work can also be moved along different axes, so that the welding location is accessible.  Welding can be carried out with or without a filler metal. Figure 1 — Operating principle of an electron beam
- [Video: Design of Adhesive Metal Joints](https://aluminium-guide.com/vide-design-adhesive-metal-joints/): Go to the script
- [Design of Adhesive Metal Joints](https://aluminium-guide.com/design-adhesive-metal-joints/): Basic Types of Loadings of Adhesive Joint Geometries The adhesive joint has to be specially optimised for adhesive joining in order to have a joint of optimal strength.   Of the possible loading types which an adhesive joint can be subjected to, it is most suited for shear, torsion and compressive loads.  Tensile and in particular cleavage or peeling forces should be avoided. Figure 1 Video: Design of Adhesive Metal Joints Design types Design types which avoid peeling stresses in adhesive joints of metals are illustrated in Figure 2. Figure 2 Figure 3 illustrates further possible designs for constructing overlapping adhesive joints.
- [Video: Gas Porosity: An Aluminium Casting Defect](https://aluminium-guide.com/video-gas-porosity-aluminium-casting/): Go to the script
- [Gas Porosity: An Aluminium Casting Defect](https://aluminium-guide.com/gas-porosity-aluminium-casting-defect/): Solidification defects in aluminium castings Solidification defects in castings can be sub-divided into three main categories: Gas porosity. Shrinkage porosity. Hot tearing and cracks. Figure 1 — Solidification defects in castings Video: Gas Porosity: An Aluminium Casting Defect Gas porosity In this post, we will consider gas porosity in aluminium castings. Gas Porosity can again be sub-divided into a further three causes: Firstly, gas held in solution in the molten metal can be precipitated as the metal solidifies, simply as a result of the reduced solubility on freezing. Secondly, if the mould is filled under very poor conditions, air can be
- [Video: Shrinkage Porosity: A Casting Defect](https://aluminium-guide.com/video-shrinkage-porosity-casting-defect/): Go to the script
- [Shrinkage Porosity: A Casting Defect](https://aluminium-guide.com/shrinkage-porosity-solidification-defect/): Solidification defects in metal castings Solidification defects in metal castings can be sub-divided into three main categories: Gas porosity. Shrinkage porosity. Hot tearing and cracks. In this post, we will consider the second type of solidification defects in castings – Shrinkage porosity. Figure 1 — Solidification defects in casting Video: Shrinkage Porosity: A Casting Defect The defect “Shrinkage porosity” The defect “Shrinkage porosity” is conventionally sub-divided into macroporosity and microporosity. It is also possible to identify intermediate types of shrinkage porosity, notably layer porosity in long freezing range alloys. Figure 2 — Types of shrinkage porosity Macroporosity The best known form
- [Video: Impurities in Molten Aluminium](https://aluminium-guide.com/video-impurities-molten-aluminium/): Go to the script
- [Video: Quality Testing Aluminium Melt](https://aluminium-guide.com/video-quality-testing-aluminium-melt/): Go to the script
- [Video: A Brief History of Aluminium Car Wheels](https://aluminium-guide.com/video-history-aluminium-car-wheels/): Go to the script  
- [A Brief History of Aluminium Car Wheels](https://aluminium-guide.com/history-aluminium-car-wheels/): The three basic elements of a car wheel The three basic elements of a car wheel are the hub, the spokes and the rim. Sometimes these components will be one piece, sometimes two or three. The hub is the centre portion of the wheel and is the part where the wheel is attached to the suspension through the wheel carrier. The spokes radiate out from the hub and attach to the rim. The rim is the outer part of the wheel that holds the tyre. Almost all modern aluminium wheels are made by one of two processes: casting and forging.  Whereas
- [Video: Heat-Affected Zone in Welded Aluminium Joints](https://aluminium-guide.com/video-heat-affected-zone-welded-aluminium-joints/): Go to the script
- [Heat-Affected Zone in Welded Aluminium Joints](https://aluminium-guide.com/effects-welding-material-characteristics/): Aluminium Alloys for Welded Constructions The strength of non-heat-treatable alloys is not affected by the welding heat. However, for cold worked alloys, the strength at the joint is reduced to that of the annealed state. The loss of strength depends on the heat input, which in turn depends on the process. Al-Mg types of alloys are more sensitive in this respect than the Al-Mg-Mn types of alloys. The heat-treatable alloys also lose their strength at the weld zone. However, the behaviours of Al-Mg-Si alloys and Al-Zn-Mg alloys should be differentiated. Figure 1 Video: Heat-Affected Zone in Welded Aluminium Joints Al-Mg-Si alloys Al-Mg-Si
- [Video: How to work with adhesives on aluminium](https://aluminium-guide.com/video-how-to-work-with-adhesives-on-aluminium/): Go to the script
- [How to work with adhesives on aluminium](https://aluminium-guide.com/how-work-adhesives-aluminium/): The surfaces of parts which have to be joint are treated prior to joining in order to have an optimal adhesion force between joint part surface and the adhesive layer.  For this purpose it is absolutely necessary to first remove impurities in an undefined layer thickness (i.e., dust, dirt, oil, grease, fat, water) and the inactive adsorption layer created by foreign molecules (i.e., water, gases). Figure 1 Video: How to work with adhesives on aluminium The whole surface treatment can be subdivided into a preparation, pretreatment and after-treatment operation. In general, an active surface for adhesives can be created by cleaning
- [Video: Heat Treatment of Aluminium Alloys](https://aluminium-guide.com/video-heat-treatment-aluminium-alloys/): Go to the script

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- [A: Age Hardening - Architectural Finish](https://aluminium-guide.com/ekstruziya-alyuminiya-tolkovyj-slovar-a/): См. Начало Age Hardening Упрочнение старением Процесс старения алюминиевого сплава, в результате которого возрастает его прочность и твердость. Age Softening Умягчение старением Самопроизвольное понижение прочности и твердости, которое происходит при комнатной температуре в некоторых нагартованных алюминиевых сплавах, содержащих магний. Aging (ageing) Старение Выделение фазы из твердого раствора в алюминии, в результате которого происходит изменение свойств алюминиевого сплава. Обычно происходит медленно при комнатной температуре (естественное старение) и ускоряется при повышенной температуре (искусственное старение). Alloy Сплав Вещество с металлическими свойствами, которое состоит из двух или более химических элементов, из которых хотя бы один является металлом. Алюминиевый сплав – это алюминий с добавками одного
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