Melting furnaces for aluminum
Below is the classification of furnaces for melting aluminum from the viewpoint of their construction. The figure – review smelters, which are used in the aluminum industry.
Classification for aluminum smelters
Figure - Classification for aluminum smelters
- 1.00 - reverberatory furnace, stationary
- 1.11 - furnace with a charge load from above
- 1.12 - round stove
- 1.13 - furnace with charging the well
- 1.14 - two-chamber furnace
- 1.15 - oven dry hearth
- 1.16 - furnace melting speed
- 1.17 - shaft furnace
- 1.21 - reverberatory furnace, tiltable
- 1.22 - tiltable cylindrical furnace
- 1.23 - tiltable oval oven
- 2.00 - crucible furnace
- 2.11 - gas crucible furnace
- 2.12 - an electric resistance crucible furnace
- 2.21 - coreless induction furnace
- 2.22 - channel induction furnace
- 3.00 - rotary kiln
- 3.10 - tiltable rotary kiln
Three classes for aluminum smelters
Most often in the production of secondary aluminum, the so-called reflective (hearth) ovens. This type of furnace for melting aluminum (1.00) has many modifications. All of these modifications, anyway, fit classic reverberatory furnace under the special conditions of work and a special charge.
Crucible furnaces are popular (2.00), special, on small productions.
Secondary aluminum producers widely use rotary furnaces as melting furnaces (3.00), especially for the processing of scrap having a high specific surface, for example, aluminum shavings, as well as highly contaminated aluminum scrap.
Family tree smelters, is shown, It refers specifically to the production of secondary aluminum. Some aluminum melting technology are very limited and special application.
Moreover, manufacturers of secondary equipment used different equipment depending on the destination of the products and the type of aluminum scrap, they apply.
Cast aluminum furnaces
Secondary aluminum producers are usually divided into two categories. The first category includes the production of, which mainly produces casting alloys for manufacturers of aluminum castings, and aluminum for steel deoxidation. The raw material for these manufacturers is the "old" scrap and production of foundry waste. In English they are called «refiners». These production introducing alloying elements except for finishing a predetermined alloy used equipment for cleaning the aluminum melt and the removal of unwanted chemical elements and impurities.
Rotary furnaces are used these processors of aluminum scrap.
foundries, aluminum castings are produced from a secondary aluminum casting, widely used crucible furnaces - gas and electric, Induction and Resistance, for melting and holding of aluminum, and for pouring molten aluminum into molds.
Furnaces for wrought aluminum
The second category includes producers of secondary aluminum production for wrought aluminum alloys. They are used as the charge is clean and sorted scrap wrought aluminum alloys. The products of these secondary aluminum producers are slabs and ingots for rolling and extrusion (pressing). They are in English called «remelters». These include the production and, which are divisions of plants for rolling and pressing of aluminum products and which are processed into mostly own technological waste.
These scrap aluminum smelters mainly use reverberatory (hearth) furnaces - stationary and tilting. Various designs of these furnaces meet the requirements of specific industries: energy efficiency, purity metal, performance, etc.. d.
The table provides an overview of the application of different types of furnaces in the aluminum industry. Indices types of furnaces - furnaces on the classification scheme in Figure.
Table - Application of furnaces (melting, for aging, transfer cases) in the aluminum industry
Legend: 0 - Not applicable, 1 - used in some cases,, 2 – often used, 3 - standard technology, 4 - Key Technology
Source: Ch. Schmitz, Handbook of Aluminium Recycling, Vulkan-Verlag GmbH, 2014
